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الصحة العامة · الحوكمة · الإدارة · القانون · التدخل الاجتماعي والعمل المشترك بين القطاعات

eric.bernier.1@umontreal.ca(263) 384-3050حجز موعد

أطروحتي السيرة الذاتية الملصق
صورة شخصية لـ Éric Bernier

Éric Bernier

طالب دكتوراه في الصحة العامة (السنة الثانية) · قانوني · رائد أعمال · مربٍّ متخصص

من الأفراد إلى السياسات: قراءة متكاملة للنظم الصحية

من مرافقة الأشخاص إلى البحث في الصحة العامة، قادني مساري إلى استكشاف المستويات المختلفة للنظام الصحي: من الواقع الفردي إلى المؤسسات، وصولًا إلى السياسات العامة والحوكمة.

وقد رسّخت هذه التجارب، الواقعة عند ملتقى الميدان والإدارة والقانون والبحث، قناعةً لديّ: إن تحويل النظم الصحية يقتضي إقامة حوار بين التجارب الإنسانية والمعارف العلمية والديناميات الجماعية والخيارات السياسية.

وطموحي هو فتح الأبواب بين هذه العوالم التي تتجاور دون أن تتفاهم دائمًا، وكسر الحواجز بين وجهات النظر، وتقريب البحث من العمل، من أجل تعزيز تقرير المصير، وإنارة القرارات الجماعية، والإسهام في مجتمع أكثر عدلًا وصحة.

أطروحة دكتوراه في مرحلة بلورة الموضوع، بإشراف مشترك من الدكتورة Nadia Sourial، Ph. D.، والدكتورة Géraldine Layani، M.D. Chaire de recherche GSK en gestion optimale des maladies chroniques (كرسي GSK للبحث في الإدارة المثلى للأمراض المزمنة) CRCHUM حاصل على منحة FRQ (B2)

الاستكشاف بحرية

استكشف عالمي

اسحب للاستكشافانقر على باب للدخولاسحب الأبوابالمس للدخول

6 أبواب

اسحب للنظر يمينًا أو يسارًا، أو حرّك المؤشر نحو الحواف. انقر على باب أو قسم للدخول.

انقر على باب للدخول

المسار في لمحة

  1. منذ 2025دكتوراه في الصحة العامة، كلية الصحة العامة بجامعة مونتريال (ESPUM) ومركز أبحاث مستشفى جامعة مونتريال (CRCHUM)، كندا
  2. 2025ماجستير في القانون العام، قانون الصحة والقانون الاجتماعي، باريس-بانتيون-أساس (فرنسا)
  3. 2024–2025مكلّف بمهمة طبية اجتماعية في الوكالة الوطنية لدعم الأداء (ANAP، فرنسا)
  4. 2024ماجستير مهني في إدارة المؤسسات الطبية الاجتماعية، جامعة بريتاني الغربية (UBO، فرنسا)دبلوم جامعي في ريادة الأعمال والإدارة، IAE de Brest (فرنسا)مؤسسة Fondation Ildys، لانديرنو (فرنسا): تدريب إداري في EHPAD لرعاية المسنين (المعادل الكيبيكي: CHSLD)
  5. 2020–2023فرنسا: مربٍّ متخصص، Adapei 35
  6. 2016–2024فرنسا: مسؤول عن عطلات مكيّفة وإقامات راحة للأشخاص ذوي الإعاقة

المسار بالأرقام

دعم الإعاقة والإراحة

سنوات في مرافقة الأشخاص ذوي الإعاقة
10
إقامة مكيّفة أُديرت
100+
شخص استفاد من عطلات خارج المؤسسات
≈1 000
أسر ومهنيون معنيون بخدمات الراحة المؤقتةتقدير للمحيط الداعم للأشخاص المستفيدين
≈1 000

التكوين والتدريس

شهادات جامعية من السلك الثاني
4
تكليفات بالمساعدة في التدريسجامعة مونتريال
4
تنويهات خاصة من لجنة التحكيم
3
جائزة أفضل ملصقGFSP 2026 · فئة الدكتوراه
1

الشبكات والمشاركة

طالب شملهم التمثيل
3 000
خبيرًا في الشبكة الطبية الاجتماعيةمساهمة في تنشيط الشبكة
30
مشاركات تراكمية في الندوات عبر الإنترنت ومجتمعات الممارسةمديرون ومهنيون صحيون
2 000+
طالب في المسح الإقليمي للصحة النفسيةتصميم المسح وقيادته
1 000
توضيحات حول المؤشرات
  • الإعاقة والراحة المؤقتة: أرقام تقديرية على امتداد المسار المهني. تشمل الراحة الأسر والمهنيين المرافقين. يصف التقديران فئات مترابطة، ولا يجوز جمعهما، ولا يمثلان إحصاءً فردياً موثقاً.
  • التدريس: جامعة مونتريال.
  • أفضل ملصق: GFSP، 2026، فئة الدكتوراه وما بعد الدكتوراه.
  • الشبكة الطبية الاجتماعية: مساهمة في تنشيط شبكة الخبراء.
  • الندوات الإلكترونية ومجتمعات الممارسة: تنشيط وإدارة النقاش؛ مشاركات تراكمية لمديرين ومهنيين صحيين.
  • الصحة النفسية: تصميم مسح إقليمي بين الطلاب وقيادته.

أطروحة قيد الإنجاز · موضوع قيد البناء وقابل لتغييرات كبيرة

عنوان مؤقت

تنظيم الاستجابة بين القطاعات لكبار السن في منازلهم الذين تجتمع لديهم احتياجات اجتماعية ومراضة: الأنماط ورسم خرائط الموارد وتحليل الشبكات

الإشراف المشترك : الدكتورة Nadia Sourial (Ph. D.) · الدكتورة Géraldine Layani (M.D., M. Sc.)École de santé publique de l’Université de Montréal (كلية الصحة العامة بجامعة مونتريال، ESPUM)دكتوراه في الصحة العامة، تخصص الأنظمة والمنظمات والسياسات الصحية (SOPS) · السنة الثانيةChaire de recherche GSK en gestion optimale des maladies chroniques (كرسي GSK للبحث في الإدارة المثلى للأمراض المزمنة)Fonds de recherche du Québec (صناديق البحث في كيبيك)، منحة دكتوراه (B2)Chaire de recherche GSK en gestion optimale des maladies chroniques · Fonds de recherche du Québec · CRCHUM · ESPUM · Université de Montréal
سؤال البحث

كيف تنتظم اليوم الاستجابة بين القطاعات حول كبار السن في منازلهم الذين تجتمع لديهم احتياجات اجتماعية ومراضة: وفق أي أنماط، وبأي موارد، وعبر أي شبكات؟

التصميم: مناهج مختلطة متعددة المراحل (Creswell & Plano Clark, 2017)، موقف براغماتي — O1 مراجعة نطاقية (JBI, PRISMA-ScR) وتحليل وصفي لبيانات 211؛ O2 دراسة كمية رصدية بيئية؛ O3 تصميم مختلط تتابعي تفسيري (QUAN → qual)، تحليل شبكات متمركزة حول الذات.

01السياق

سؤال البحث

كيف تنتظم اليوم الاستجابة بين القطاعات حول كبار السن في منازلهم الذين تجتمع لديهم احتياجات اجتماعية ومراضة: وفق أي أنماط، وبأي موارد، وعبر أي شبكات؟

1. المشكلة: احتياجات تفوق العرض

في كيبيك، يضم الدعم المنزلي (SAD) الرعاية والخدمات التي تقدمها الشبكة العامة في منزل الشخص، ولا سيما فريق الـCLSC (المركز المحلي للخدمات المجتمعية). في 2024-2025 خدم 395 783 شخصًا بما مجموعه 37,2 مليون ساعة، وكان 17 883 شخصًا ينتظرون خدمة أولى. ومن بين من بلغوا 65 عامًا فأكثر، يعيش 80 % مع مرض مزمن واحد على الأقل، والنصف مع عدة أمراض (تعدد الأمراض) (MSSS، Mieux chez soi، 2026، ص 4 و6).

نسبة الاحتياجات التي تغطيها الشبكة العامة، 2023

الدعم المنزلي10,7 %
RI-RTF68,8 %
CHSLD98,9 %

الدعم المنزلي: 25,4 من أصل 234,7 مليون ساعة مطلوبة (CSBE، 2024، ص 11).

الأشخاص في انتظار خدمة أولى في الدعم المنزلي

31 مارس 201913 250
31 مارس 202217 226

زيادة بنحو 30 % في ثلاث سنوات (CSBE، 2024، ص 2 و96).

مستخدمو الرعاية الطويلة ومواردها

المستخدمون المتابَعون في المنزل84 %
موارد الدعم المنزلي38 %

يتلقى الإيواء 62 % من الأموال لـ16 % من المستخدمين (CSBE، 2024، ص 7).

صحة من بلغوا 65 عامًا فأكثر في كيبيك

مرض مزمن واحد على الأقل80 %
تعدد الأمراضالنصف

و91 % ممن تجاوزوا 55 عامًا يتبنون «في منزلي مدى الحياة» (CSBE، 2024، ص 7؛ MSSS، 2026a، ص 4).

خلص مفوض الصحة والرفاه (CSBE)، بعد الأجزاء الأربعة من تقرير Bien vieillir chez soi ‏(2023-2024)، إلى أن منظومة الدعم المنزلي معقدة وضعيفة التكامل وضعيفة الأداء. في 2023 لم توفر الشبكة العامة سوى 25,4 مليون ساعة من أصل 234,7 مليون ساعة مطلوبة في المنزل: أي معدل استجابة 10,7 %، مقابل 98,9 % في مراكز الرعاية الطويلة (CHSLD). ويتلقى الدعم المنزلي 38 % من موارد الرعاية الطويلة لـ84 % من المستخدمين، وارتفع عدد المنتظرين لخدمة أولى من 13 250 (2019) إلى 17 226 (2022). ويقع الباقي على عاتق مقدمي الرعاية من الأقارب والقطاع المجتمعي والقطاع الخاص، أي على قطاعات خارج الشبكة العامة.

في منطقة الدراسة (CCSMTL، 8 أقاليم CLSC) يبلغ عدد من هم في سن 65 فأكثر 48 575 شخصًا في 2026 (ISQ). في 2021 كان 28,6 % منهم يعيشون تحت عتبة الدخل المنخفض، وتصل النسبة إلى 41,8 % في Pointe-Saint-Charles و38,7 % في Centre-Sud؛ و66,9 % من الأسر مستأجِرة (هيئة الإحصاء الكندية). وفي خط 211، تتعلق احتياجات من هم في سن 70 فأكثر أولًا بالدعم الشخصي والمجتمعي (21,9 %) والسكن (13,4 %)، وهما مجالان تبقى فيهما احتياجاتهم غير ملبّاة ضعف ما هو عليه لدى جميع الأعمار. ولدى من هم في سن 60 فأكثر، السبب الأكثر تكرارًا هو «خدمة غير متاحة» (324 حاجة)، ثم شروط القبول (210) وغياب وسيلة النقل (66). ولا يأتي من CLSC سوى 44 طلبًا لمن هم في سن 60 فأكثر.

جدول CSBE: الساعات المطلوبة والساعات المقدمة ومعدل الاستجابة في 2023، ومنها 10,7 % في المنزل
الساعات المطلوبة والمقدمة ومعدل الاستجابة في الرعاية الطويلة، كيبيك، 2023: تستجيب الشبكة العامة لـ10,7 % من الاحتياجات في المنزل. لقطة: Commissaire à la santé et au bien-être ‏(2024)، Bien vieillir chez soi، الجزء 4، الملخص التنفيذي، ص 11 (توقعات Clavet وآخرين، HEC Montréal، 2023).
الأرقام الستة الأساسية للمشكلة في كيبيك.
الأرقام الستة الأساسية للمشكلة في كيبيك. المصدر: Bernier, E. (2026). منهجية الأطروحة O1-O3 [عرض تقديمي بالفرنسية]، الشريحة 2.

2. حين تتراكم الاحتياجات تتعقد الاستجابة

قد يعيش الشخص المسن في آن واحد مع مرض واحد أو أكثر (مشكلات صحية حادة أو مزمنة) ومع عدة احتياجات اجتماعية: سكن غير ملائم، دخل ضعيف، عزلة، غياب وسيلة نقل، مُعين قريب منهك. نتحدث هنا عن احتياجات اجتماعية متزامنة. وهي معًا عوامل تعقيد: كل منها يجعل حل الأخرى أصعب، ويفقد مسار الشخص سلاسته (Safford et al., 2007; Grembowski et al., 2014; Schaink et al., 2012; Johnson & Bacsu, 2018). وتقر سياسة Mieux chez soi بذلك: حين تمس الاحتياجات عدة جوانب من الحياة، يجب أن يعمل عدة متدخلين معًا، والأمراض المزمنة تزيد احتياجات المنزل تعقيدًا وكثافة (MSSS، 2026a، ص 4).

يصعب رصد هذه الحالات لأن أي خدمة وحدها لا ترى مجمل احتياجات الشخص، ويصعب تنسيقها أيضًا: إذ يصف مفوض الصحة والرفاه (CSBE) منظومة الدعم المنزلي بأنها معقدة وضعيفة التكامل وضعيفة الأداء. ولا نعرف دائمًا كيف ننظم استجابة مشتركة وملائمة ومنسقة. ومن المرجح أنه في الإقليم نفسه قد لا تعرف المنظمات بعضها أو لا تعمل معًا، وقد ينقص مورد دون أن يُعرف أن موردًا آخر من قطاع آخر يمكن أن يحل محله. لا تثبت أي دراسة ذلك مباشرة: إنه استنتاج توحي به الأعمال حول شبكات الخدمات وقدرة المنظمات المجتمعية وصعوبة العثور على المساعدة المتاحة (Lemieux-Charles et al., 2005; Varda et al., 2020; Hogg-Graham et al., 2021; Macleod et al., 2017). وفي خدمة 211، السبب الأكثر شيوعًا لعدم تلبية احتياجات من بلغوا 60 عامًا فأكثر هو «الخدمة غير متاحة».

سلسلة التعقيد: مرض واحد أو أكثر مع احتياجات اجتماعية متزامنة يجعل الوضع صعب الرصد والتنسيق.
سلسلة التعقيد: مرض واحد أو أكثر مع احتياجات اجتماعية متزامنة يجعل الوضع صعب الرصد والتنسيق. المصدر: Bernier, E. (2026). منهجية الأطروحة O1-O3 [عرض تقديمي بالفرنسية]، الشريحة 3.

3. أبواب دخول متعددة لا باب واحد

تريد سياسة Mieux chez soi أن يكون الـCLSC باب الدخول الرئيسي (MSSS، 2026a، ص XII). أما في الواقع فيدخل الشخص المسن الشبكة من أبواب كثيرة: فريق الدعم المنزلي في الـCLSC؛ مستشفى النهار؛ الاستشفاء؛ الطوارئ بعد سقوط؛ الرعاية المنزلية في الـCISSS أو الـCIUSSS (المؤسسات الجهوية للصحة والخدمات الاجتماعية)؛ مجموعة طب الأسرة (GMF)؛ الصيدلية؛ البلدية؛ السكن الاجتماعي؛ النقل المكيَّف؛ منظمة مجتمعية؛ مُعين قريب؛ خدمة 211 للمعلومات والإحالة. كل باب يرى جزءًا من الوضع، ولا يضمن أي منها أخذ كل الاحتياجات في الحسبان.

الشخصالمسنالـCLSC والدعم المنزليمستشفى النهارالاستشفاءالطوارئ بعد سقوطGMFالصيدليةمنظمة مجتمعيةمُعين قريب211البلديةالسكن الاجتماعيالنقل المكيَّف
اثنا عشر باب دخول ممكنًا؛ والـCLSC، المرادُ بابًا رئيسيًا (MSSS، 2026a، ص XII)، ليس إلا واحدًا منها. ولا يرى أي باب وحده كل الاحتياجات.
أبواب الدخول وضعف الروابط بينها.
أبواب الدخول وضعف الروابط بينها. المصدر: Bernier, E. (2026). منهجية الأطروحة O1-O3 [عرض تقديمي بالفرنسية]، الشريحة 4.

4. ما هو قائم في كيبيك لتكامل الخدمات

تربط السياسة الحكومية لخدمات الخط الأول الصحية والاجتماعية (MSSS، مارس 2026) كل شخص بإقليم CLSC يصبح وحدة المرجع لتنسيق الخط الأول (ص 15). وتسند إلى الـCLSC أربعة أدوار: الموجِّه، والمنسِّق، والقائد بين القطاعات، والمُيسِّر المشارك (ص 42). وتلاحظ التوجيهات الوزارية المرافقة أن الـCLSC، الذي صُمم محورًا إقليميًا، فقد حيويته وانفصل عن رسالته الأصلية (ص 1): والهدف هو إعادة هذا الدور إليه.

تقرّب عدة آليات بين الفاعلين. فـPRISMA، وهو نموذج كيبيكي لتكامل الخدمات لكبار السن الفاقدين لاستقلاليتهم، جمع شباكًا موحدًا وإدارة الحالات وأداة تقييم مشتركة وتشاور الشركاء، وأظهر تقييمه تراجعًا وظيفيًا أقل واحتياجات غير ملبّاة أقل (Hébert et al., 2003, 2010; Couturier et al., 2021). وتعتمد مقاربة القرب المتكاملة لكبار السن (AIPPA) التابعة لـMSSS (2024) على ممارسات تعاونية ورصد الأشخاص ذوي الاحتياجات (ص 8)، وعلى عمّال الميدان في برنامج ITMAV والمنظمين المجتمعيين في المؤسسات (ص 28)، وعلى مجتمعات الممارسة (ص 59؛ Ranmuthugala et al., 2011). والمنظم المجتمعي، التابع لخدمة التنظيم المجتمعي في الـCISSS أو الـCIUSSS، هو حلقة الوصل بين المؤسسة ومنظمات المحيط (Bourque & Lachapelle, 2010).

ليس العمل بين القطاعات جديدًا في كيبيك: فقد دعت إليه سياسة Chez soi : le premier choix ‏(2003)، واقترح RUISSS جامعة مونتريال (2022) مخططًا من ستة قطاعات (الشبكة العامة، الخط الأول، شبه العام، المجتمع، المدينة، السكن) وأربعة مستويات للتعاون (تبادل المعلومات، التعاون، التنسيق، الاندماج؛ استنادًا إلى Bilodeau وParent وPotvin، 2019). ويمتد هذا العمل في نهج AIPPA التابع لـMSSS ولجنته للربط بين القطاعات في CCSMTL. وما ينقص هو وسيلة لمعرفة، إقليمًا بإقليم، أي القطاعات يجب حشدها لأي تركيبات من الاحتياجات.

إطار من سياسة الخط الأول: إقليم CLSC والأدوار الأربعة للـCLSC
الـCLSC، وحدة الحوكمة القريبة، وأدواره الأربعة: الموجِّه والمنسِّق والقائد بين القطاعات والمُيسِّر المشارك. لقطة: MSSS ‏(2026)، Politique gouvernementale sur les soins et services de première ligne، ص 42.

استُخدم هذا المخطط، مع الأدبيات، لتحديد القطاعات المدروسة في الأطروحة (MSSS، 2026b، ص 42؛ Bilodeau et al., 2019).

هذه الآليات ثمينة، لكن الاستجابة بين القطاعات تبقى قليلة الوضوح. فهي تقوم غالبًا على شراكات محلية: مجتمع ممارسة، طاولة تشاور، شخص يؤدي دور الميسّر. وإذا غادر هذا الشخص أو توقف التمويل، ضعفت الاستجابة: فهي قليلة الاستدامة وغالبًا ناقصة. والأهم أن أيًا من هذه الآليات لا يبيّن أي توليفات الاحتياجات هي الأكثر تكرارًا، وما الموارد المتاحة لكل منها في الإقليم، ولا كيف تنتظم الشبكة اليوم للاستجابة. وهذا تحديدًا ما تستهدفه الأطروحة.

ما تغيّره سياسة 2026 (MSSS، 2026b، ص 15 و42).
ما تغيّره سياسة 2026 (MSSS، 2026b، ص 15 و42). المصدر: Bernier, E. (2026). منهجية الأطروحة O1-O3 [عرض تقديمي بالفرنسية]، الشريحة 6.

5. ما حاولته الأدبيات

تقول إن الاحتياجات الاجتماعية لكبار السن في منازلهم شائعة ومتراكمة (McManus وآخرون، 2025؛ Tingvold وآخرون، 2026)، وإنها تتجمع في عناقيد (Kreuter وآخرون، 2021)، وإن هناك ملامح لاحتياجات ملبّاة أو غير ملبّاة، لكنها مبنية غالبًا على أداة CANE ووجهة نظر مقدمي الرعاية (Janssen وآخرون، 2020؛ Kraake وآخرون، 2024). وتوثّق الإحالة والتوجيه والوصفة الاجتماعية (Hébert وآخرون، 2010؛ Percival وآخرون، 2022) وخرائط عرض الخدمات (Kim، 2026؛ Álvarez-Pérez وآخرون، 2025).

لم تقل بعد أي تركيبات من الاحتياجات تتكرر لدى المستفيدين من الدعم المنزلي، ولا أيها يبقى غير ملبّى؛ ونادرًا ما تربط هذه التركيبات، في إقليم ما، بالموارد المتاحة؛ وتسجل تحليلاتها للشبكات وجود الرابط، ونادرًا مستوى التعاون، ولا تنطلق تقريبًا أبدًا من فرق الدعم المنزلي في عدة CLSC. تنطلق مراجعة النطاق الخاصة بـO1 من 60 957 سجلًا من أربع قواعد بيانات (MEDLINE وEmbase وAPA PsycInfo وPubMed): حُذف 8 938 سجلًا سابقًا لعام 2006، واستُورد 52 021 إلى Covidence، وحُذف 25 412 تكرارًا، وبقيت 26 609 دراسة للفرز من قبل مقيّمَين.

رسمت أعمال سابقة خرائط لاحتياجات كبار السن ومواردهم: ففي كيبيك، وصفت الدراسة التي أدارتها Anne-Marie Séguin (INRS) لصالح شركة الإسكان في كيبيك (2018) الاحتياجات الملبّاة وغير الملبّاة لمن بلغوا 75 عامًا فأكثر حسب نوع الوسط، ثم الموارد المحلية واستراتيجيات الأشخاص. ورسمت Juliette Duc وزملاؤها، باستعمال QGIS وR، خرائط عرض الخدمات والطلب عليها لمن بلغوا 65 عامًا فأكثر في كيبيك كلها: خدمات أقل لكل مسن في الوسط الريفي وتباين محلي كبير (Duc et al., 2026). ووصفت أعمال أخرى أنماط احتياجات المصابين بالخرف المقيمين في منازلهم (Janssen وآخرون، 2020)، أو حللت شبكات الخدمات بتحليل الشبكات الاجتماعية SNA (Urbanoski وآخرون، 2018). ولم يُرصد بعد أي عمل يربط الاحتياجات الاجتماعية المتزامنة والمرض الواحد أو الأمراض المتعددة بوصفها عوامل تعقيد على مستوى إقليم CLSC.

الفجوة الرئيسية

ليست الأدبيات خالية فيما يخص كل مكوّن من مكوّنات السؤال، سواء تعلّق الأمر بقياس الاحتياجات الاجتماعية المتعددة أو بتزامنها أو برغبة المرضى في المساعدة أو بآليات الاستجابة. غير أنه لم يُحدَّد أي توليف يجمع، لدى البالغين في الرعاية الأولية، بين الطابع غير الملبّى للاحتياجات وتزامنها وترتيب المرضى لأولوياتها والعلاقات المتبادلة بينها وشبكة الاستجابة والمسار حتى حلّها. ومن ثمّ تكمن الفجوة في الربط بين تشكيل الاحتياجات وتشكيل الاستجابة بين القطاعات، وفي الآليات التي تفسّر استمرار بعض الاحتياجات رغم تحديدها.

حرصًا على الدقة المنهجية، تُعتمد صيغة «لم يُحدَّد أي توليف في عمليات البحث المُجراة في PubMed و Cairn» بدلًا من «لا يوجد أي توليف».

ثلاث ثغرات، تقود كل منها إلى هدف.
ثلاث ثغرات، تقود كل منها إلى هدف. المصدر: Bernier, E. (2026). منهجية الأطروحة O1-O3 [عرض تقديمي بالفرنسية]، الشريحة 7.

6. استجابة بين القطاعات، لا مجرد تدخل فردي

يقيّم الأخصائي الاجتماعي في الدعم المنزلي وضع الشخص ويوجهه ويرافقه: إنه تدخل فردي أساسي. أما الاستجابة بين القطاعات للاحتياجات الاجتماعية المتزامنة لدى شخص مصاب بمرض واحد أو أكثر فشيء آخر: إنها تنظيم عدة قطاعات في إقليم واحد (الصحة، الخدمات الاجتماعية، المجتمع المحلي، البلدية، السكن، النقل) تعمل معًا وبشكل دائم من أجل توليفة الاحتياجات نفسها. والرهان اليوم ليس في كفاءة المتدخلين بل في غياب تنظيم مشترك: فكل متدخل يعيد بناء شبكة، حالة بحالة، كان يمكن معرفتها مسبقًا. فالعمل الاجتماعي يقيّم ويوجه وينسق حالة بحالة، أما الاستجابة بين القطاعات فتنظم مسبقًا عدة قطاعات حول نمط ما (Couturier et al., 2022; Bilodeau et al., 2019). والرهان: الانتقال من «من يعرف من» إلى استجابة منظمة ودائمة.

العمل الاجتماعي اليومالاستجابة بين القطاعات المنشودة
يقيّم وضع شخص واحدينظم مسبقًا عدة قطاعات حول نمط احتياجات
يوجه نحو موردالصحة والخدمات الاجتماعية والمجتمع المحلي والبلدية والسكن والمدارس ودور الحضانة
ينسق ملفًا حالةً بحالةيخفف أيضًا عن المُعينين: استراحة، استقبال نهاري، وجبات، نقل
يعتمد على «من يعرف من»منظمة ومعروفة ودائمة في كل إقليم

استنادًا إلى Couturier وآخرين (2022) وBilodeau وآخرين (2019).

العمل الاجتماعي والاستجابة بين القطاعات.
العمل الاجتماعي والاستجابة بين القطاعات. المصدر: Bernier, E. (2026). منهجية الأطروحة O1-O3 [عرض تقديمي بالفرنسية]، الشريحة 5.

7. محور ثانوي: الإقليم المَعيش والإقليم الإداري

تجعل سياسة 2026 إقليم الـCLSC وحدة المرجع. وتوضح التوجهات المرافقة لها أن هذا الإقليم لم يعد مجرد تقسيم إداري بل فضاء حيّ، وأن الأقاليم الـ166 الحالية ليست غايات في ذاتها (MSSS، 2026، الملخص وص 4). غير أن أقاليم الـCLSC حُددت أولًا لإسناد سكان إلى كل مؤسسة (MSSS، توصيات حول إدارة البيانات الإقليمية)؛ وفي مونتريال قسّمت الصحة العامة الجزيرة إلى 101 حيّ أقرب إلى المجتمعات، ولا تطابق الوحدات الإدارية دائمًا الأوساط المَعيشة (Di Méo, 1998; Riva et al., 2008; Macé, 2010; Breton et al., 2009). وفي المقام الثاني ستتحقق الأطروحة مما إذا كانت الموارد التي يستعملها الناس فعلًا تتبع حدود الـCLSC أم تتجاوزها.

8. فكرة الأطروحة

ومن هنا فكرة الانطلاق: تحديد أكثر أنماط الاحتياجات الاجتماعية المتزامنة تكرارًا لدى كبار السن المتابَعين في الدعم المنزلي؛ ولكل نمط، رصد الموارد المتاحة في كل إقليم CLSC؛ ثم فهم كيف تنتظم الاستجابة اليوم من أجل تحسينها. وتتناول الأطروحة كبار السن المصابين بمرض واحد أو أكثر، المقيمين في منازلهم والمتابَعين في الدعم المنزلي في أقاليم الـCLSC الثمانية التابعة لـCIUSSS du Centre-Sud-de-l’Île-de-Montréal (48 575 شخصًا في سن 65 فأكثر في 2026).

يُختصر الخيط الناظم في ثلاث كلمات: الأنماط ← الموارد ← الشبكة. يبين O1 أي توليفات الاحتياجات تتكرر؛ ويبين O2 إقليمًا بإقليم ما يوجد للاستجابة وما ينقص؛ ويبين O3 من يعمل معًا أصلًا وأي الروابط تنقص. وكل مرحلة تمنح التالية ما تحتاج إليه.

9. موقعي

ينطلق تفكيري من مساري بين عدة قطاعات ومن ملاحظتي لسياسات البقاء في المنزل التي عملت عليها في ANAP. وبصفتي مربيًا متخصصًا، رأيت كم يصعب تنظيم استجابة مشتركة لأشد الحالات تعقيدًا حين تتدخل عدة خدمات دون تنسيق. تسعى هذه الأطروحة إلى جعل ما يقوم اليوم أساسًا على حسن نية كل طرف مرئيًا، ومن ثم قابلًا للتنظيم.

الأسس الوثائقية

تدعم الموارد الآتية البناء المفاهيمي. ويمثّل العنوان وسؤال البحث وأطروحة المشروع وأهدافه، الواردة في أقسامها المخصّصة، الإطار الحالي للمشروع.

بلورة مشروع البحث

أنا في مرحلة بلورة المشروع: مدوّنة منشورات مرتّبة حسب الأولوية، والفجوات التي تكشفها، وقراءات التكوين التي تدعمها.

222المنشورات المعتمدة
39القراءات ذات الأولوية
83القراءات المهمة
9أبعاد الفجوات المدروسة

التوزيع حسب الأولوية

الأولوية 539
الأولوية 483
الأولوية 346
الأولوية 224
الأولوية 130

مصادر المنشورات

  • PubMed112
  • Embase و MEDLINE (Ovid)95
  • Cairn15

جرى تكوين المدوّنة انطلاقًا من Ovid (Embase و MEDLINE) و PubMed و Cairn، ومُنح كل منشور أولويةً بحسب صلته بسؤال الأطروحة.

ما تتركه الأدبيات مفتوحًا

يبيّن الجدول، لكل بُعد من الأبعاد التسعة المدروسة، حالة الأدبيات وأهمية الفجوة وبعض المراجع الأساسية.

بناء المفهوم

كبيرة

قائمة لكنها غير مستقرة

تميّز الدراسات المفهرسة في PubMed بشكل متزايد بين الخطر الاجتماعي والحاجة الاجتماعية والرغبة في المساعدة. وتضيف الأعمال الفرنكوفونية في Cairn مفردات الهشاشة والضعف الاجتماعي، وهي غالبًا متعددة الأبعاد لكنها أوسع مفهوميًا من الحاجة غير الملبّاة.

Gruß 2021; Tucher 2026; Tudrej 2019; Karran 2023

القياس

كبيرة

وفيرة لكنها غير متجانسة

تختلف الأدوات اختلافًا كبيرًا في مجالاتها وعتباتها وطريقة تطبيقها. ولا تعادل مقاييس الهشاشة متعددة الأبعاد الواردة في Cairn، مثل EPICES و PRECAR، استبيانات الاحتياجات الاجتماعية غير الملبّاة.

Zein 2026; Karran 2023; Tudrej 2019; Rogers 2025

التوصيف والانتشار

متوسطة

موثّقة جيدًا لحاجة واحدة على الأقل

تصف دراسات عديدة الانتشار حسب المجال والعبء التراكمي، لكن مقارنة التقديرات تصعب عندما يختلف تعريف الحاجة والأداة المستخدمة.

Jih 2023; Bleacher 2020; Fiori 2021

التعدد والتزامن

كبيرة

ناشئة لكنها مُثبتة الآن

إن تعايش عدة احتياجات أو مخاطر اجتماعية أمر شائع، وقد اقتُرحت عناقيد وفئات ومقاييس للعبء التراكمي. وتُظهر دراسة حديثة كذلك أن تعدد المخاطر يزيد بقوة من احتمال الرغبة في الحصول على المساعدة.

Vest 2025; Kreuter 2021; Zeng 2024; Tucher 2026

ترتيب الأولويات من قِبل المرضى

جوهرية

بعض الدراسات المباشرة، لكن المجال لا يزال قليل التطور

تقيس الأدبيات أساسًا الرغبة في المساعدة والأهداف المتفاوض عليها والمقبولية أو الأولوية النسبية، وتعزّز الأعمال الحديثة التمييز بين الخطر المكتشف والمساعدة المرغوبة. وتُظهر أعمال e-CARE مرافقةً مكيّفة مع إيقاع المريض وأولوياته، من دون إنتاج ترتيب معياري للاحتياجات.

O’Loughlin 2022; Gruß 2021; Tucher 2026; Vasan 2026; Ouanhnon 2022

العلاقات المتبادلة بين الاحتياجات

جوهرية

موصوفة أساسًا بوصفها تزامنًا أو تعقيدًا إجماليًا

توثّق التحليلات الكمية أساسًا تزامن الاحتياجات وأنماطها. وتصف الأعمال النوعية الفرنكوفونية في Cairn تشابك الصعوبات الاجتماعية والإدارية والاقتصادية والصحية، لكنها نادرًا ما تتناول اتجاهها أو تسلسلها أو آليتها السببية.

Vest 2025; Kreuter 2021; Marron-Delabre 2015; Ouanhnon 2022

الحلّ والمسار

جوهرية

متنامية لكن تهيمن عليها مؤشرات وسيطة

يميّز المجال تدريجيًا بين الفحص والإحالة والربط وتلقّي المورد والحلّ. وتتابع أعمال e-CARE الفرنكوفونية كذلك نتائج ملموسة مثل فتح الحقوق والوصول إلى طبيب معالج والسكن والاستقلالية في المسار، لكن من دون قياس معياري لحلّ كل حاجة.

Steeves-Reece 2022; Hausmann 2024; Ouanhnon 2022; Agarwal 2025

الشبكات والاستجابة بين القطاعات

جوهرية بالنسبة إلى التكامل

أدبيات وافرة لكنها غالبًا منفصلة عن بيانات المرضى

توثّق دراسات PubMed التوجيه داخل منظومة الرعاية والعاملين الصحيين المجتمعيين والشراكات الطبية القانونية والإحالة ذات الحلقة المغلقة، فيما توثّق أعمال Cairn الوحدات الاجتماعية في الطب العام وهياكل الرعاية الأولية والتنسيق الإقليمي الفرنسية (MSP و CPTS و DAC). غير أن تشكيل الشبكة نادرًا ما يُربط بأنماط الاحتياجات وبحلّها.

Hogg-Graham 2021; Tevaearai 2022; Yatim & Sebai 2021; Lessi 2023; Ouanhnon 2022

التوليف المتكامل

الفجوة الرئيسية

لم يُعثر عليه في عمليات التدقيق في PubMed و Cairn

لم يُعثر على أي توليف يجمع، لدى البالغين المراجعين للرعاية الأولية، بين الطابع غير الملبّى للاحتياجات وقياسها متعدد المجالات وأنماط تزامنها والأولوية التي يمنحها لها المريض والعلاقات المتبادلة بينها وتشكيل الشبكة القابلة للتعبئة والمسار حتى حلّها.

Karran 2023; Vest 2025; Chang 2026; Tudrej 2019; Ouanhnon 2022

القراءات الـ39 ذات الأولوية
  1. Dahrouge et al. (2026) A Randomized Controlled Trial of Social Prescribing: Comparing a Comprehensive Navigation Model With Signposting تجربة عشوائية
  2. Dina Zein; Kriti Gogia; Jenifer Clapp; Alessandra Calvo-Friedman; Nichola J Davis; Ji E Chang (2026) Convergence and differences across social needs identified through structured screeners and clinical assessments مقالة
  3. Mayo Clinic team (2026) Coordinating Multisector Efforts to Address Social Needs in a Rural Midwestern Primary Care Setting دراسة أترابية مقارنة
  4. Russell et al. (2026) Racial, Ethnic, and Sex Differences in Social Risks and Social Needs Concordance Among Veterans مسح مقطعي مرجح
  5. Stephanie S Loo et al. (2026) Experiences of Social Risk Screening in the Safety-Net Among Patients with Mental Health Needs مقالة بحثية نوعية
  6. Bolen et al. (2025) The Impact of a Bidirectional Clinic to Community Social Care Referral Program دراسة برنامج
  7. Coletti D.J.; Andrews A.; Rooney E.; Chen A.; Alvarenga J.; Verbsky J. (2025) YEAR TWO, WE FOLLOW THROUGH: LONGITUDINAL SOCIAL DETERMINANTS OF HEALTH SCREENING IN A LARGE ACADEMIC RESIDENT PRACTICE. ملخص مؤتمر
  8. Fennelly et al. (2025) Comparison of the Performance of Three Health Related Social Needs Screening Tools دراسة مقارنة
  9. Hatef et al. (2025) An Electronic Health Record-Based Platform for Social Needs Assessment and Navigation Services: Preliminary Results of an RCT تجربة عشوائية
  10. Lewis et al. (2025) Optimizing the community resource specialist to address social needs in primary care: results from a pragmatic quality improvement evaluation تقييم عملي لتحسين الجودة
  11. Saluja K; Mahbub A; Gauthier AP; Lemonde M; Timony P; Durand F; Dahrouge S (2025) Understanding patient barriers and enablers to accessing community resources: a qualitative study to inform navigation service delivery. تجربة سريرية؛ مقالة علمية
  12. Vest J.R.; Wu W.; Conner K. (2025) Clusters of Health-Related Social Needs Among Adult Primary Care Patients. مقالة
  13. Vest et al. (2025) Performance of 4 Methods to Assess Health-Related Social Needs دراسة مقارنة للمنهجيات
  14. Clapp et al. (2024) Implementing and monitoring high-quality community health worker care in adult primary care at New York City Health + Hospitals دراسة تنفيذ ومتابعة
  15. Drake et al. (2024) Association of Patient-Reported Social Needs with Emergency Department Visits and Hospitalizations Among Federally Qualified Health Center Patients دراسة أترابية استعادية
  16. Gilbert et al. (2024) Patient Preferences for Addressing Unhealthy Behaviors, Mental Health Challenges, and Social Needs in Primary Care تحليل ضمن تجربة عشوائية
  17. Jane Jih; Antony Nguyen; Irena Cenzer; Jennifer Morrish (2023) Burden of unmet health-related social needs in an academic adult primary care practice in San Francisco California مقالة
  18. Renaud et al. (2023) Addressing Health-Related Social Needs Via Community Resources: Lessons From Accountable Health Communities تقييم برنامج مع مقارنة عشوائية
  19. Shi et al. (2023) Social Needs Assessment and Linkage to Community Health Workers in a Large Urban Hospital System دراسة أترابية رصدية
  20. Teggart et al. (2023) Effectiveness of system navigation programs linking primary care with community-based health and social services: a systematic review مراجعة منهجية
  21. Zhang WJ; Fornili K (2023) Screening for Social Determinants of Health Among Medicare Beneficiaries in Primary Care During the Covid-19 Pandemic in Prince George's County, Maryland. مقالة في مجلة علمية
  22. Cene CW; Buys E; Clark JW; Foley K; True V; Kiger J; Salter AS (2022) Better Together: A Descriptive Analysis of a Medical-Legal Partnership in Western North Carolina. مقالة في مجلة علمية
  23. Jones K.G.; Roth S.E.; Vartanian K.B. (2022) Health and Health Care Use Strongly Associated with Cumulative Burden of Social Determinants of Health. مقالة
  24. Kristen O'Loughlin et al. (2022) Patient Preferences for Discussing and Acting on Health-Related Needs in Primary Care مقالة بحثية نوعية
  25. Ouanhnon L; Esquerre B; Champrobert K; Buerba A; Pariente K (2022) Projet e-CARE : un dispositif expérimental d’aide au parcours de soin pour les patients en situation de précarité. Bilan après deux ans تقييم وصفي لخدمة
  26. Sandhu et al. (2022) Patient Barriers to Accessing Referred Resources for Unmet Social Needs دراسة نوعية موجّهة مدمجة في المتابعة
  27. Heller CG; Rehm CD; Parsons AH; Chambers EC; Hollingsworth NH; Fiori KP (2021) The association between social needs and chronic conditions in a large, urban primary care population. مقالة في مجلة علمية؛ تمويل بحثي خارجي من المعاهد الوطنية للصحة الأمريكية؛ دعم بحثي حكومي من خارج الولايات المتحدة؛ تمويل من خدمة الصحة العامة الأمريكية
  28. Hogg-Graham et al. (2021) Exploring the capacity of community-based organisations to absorb health system patient referrals for unmet social needs أساليب مختلطة وتحليل الشبكات الاجتماعية
  29. Lian et al. (2021) Factors Associated with Patients' Connection to Referred Social Needs Resources at a Federally Qualified Health Center دراسة أترابية استعادية
  30. Palakshappa D.; Benefield A.J.; Furgurson K.F.; Harley M.G.; Bundy R.; Moses A.; Taxter A.J.; Bensinger A.S.; Cao X.; Denizard-Thompson N.; Rosenthal G.E.; Miller D.P. (2021) Feasibility of Mobile Technology to Identify and Address Patients' Unmet Social Needs in a Primary Care Clinic. مقالة
  31. Bleacher et al. (2020) Associations Between Patients' Unmet Social Needs and Self-Reported Health Confidence at One Primary Care Clinic دراسة مقطعية / تحسين الجودة
  32. Rogers et al. (2020) Patients' Attitudes and Perceptions Regarding Social Needs Screening and Navigation: Multi-site Survey in a Large Integrated Health System مسح متعدد المواقع
  33. Buitron de la Vega et al. (2019) Implementing an EHR-based screening and referral system to address social determinants of health in primary care دراسة التنفيذ
  34. Sarah R Reves; Jonathan P O'Neal; Martha M Gonzalez; Chantal McHenry; Molly Favour; Rebecca S Etz (2019) A 60-Second Survey to Identify Patients' Unmet Social Needs مقالة
  35. Hsu et al. (2018) Evaluation of the Learning to Integrate Neighborhoods and Clinical Care Project: Findings from Implementing a New Lay Role into Primary Care Teams to Address Social Determinants of Health تقييم برنامج بأساليب مختلطة
  36. Rodriguez J.; Nafisi A.; Rob-Inson C.; Arteaga E.; Pierce L.D.; Sunn L.; Kim K.J. (2018) Social determinants of health screening and com-munity resource referral in a safety-net resident primary care clinic. ملخص مؤتمر
  37. Sundar et al. (2018) Universal Screening for Social Needs in a Primary Care Clinic: A Quality Improvement Approach تحسين الجودة
  38. Page-Reeves et al. (2016) Addressing Social Determinants of Health in a Clinic Setting: The WellRx Pilot in Albuquerque, New Mexico دراسة تجريبية أولية
  39. Popay J.; Kowarzik U.; Mallinson S.; Mackian S.; Barker J. (2007) Social problems, primary care and pathways to help and support: Addressing health inequalities at the individual level. Part I: The GP perspective. مقالة
القراءات الـ83 المهمة
  1. Cook N; Pisciotta M; Larson Z; Fein HL; Donovan J; McGrath BM; Gunn R; Owens-Jasey C; Templeton A; Volk-Britton M; Nishiike Y; Stowe S; Gold R (2026) Using a Modified Delphi Process to Develop an Intervention to Support Care Coordination of Patient Social Needs in Primary Care دلفي معدّل / تطوير تدخل
  2. Eva Chang; Iridian Guzman; Nicole Glowacki; Rasha Khatib (2026) Implementation of Social Needs Screening and Intervention in Primary Care: A Systematic Review of Program-Level Determinants مراجعة منهجية
  3. Graham et al. (2026) Merging Law and Medicine: Patient Attitudes About and Experiences with Social Needs Screening and Medical-Legal Partnerships in Primary Care مسح وطني
  4. Gruber E; Grisham R; Arem H; Starling CM; Smith M; Dortch F; Perman C (2026) Experiences of Maryland Primary Care Practices in Addressing Social Needs Through a Novel Value-Based Payment أساليب مختلطة
  5. Isabelle Weld-Blundell et al. (2026) Social Needs Screening Tools for Clinical Populations in Australia and New Zealand: A Scoping Review and Critical Analysis مراجعة استكشافية
  6. Kosowan et al. (2026) Implementing the screening for poverty and related social determinants and intervening to improve knowledge of and links to resources (SPARK) in primary care clinics across Canada أتراب التنفيذ
  7. Multistakeholder study team (2026) Defining the Social Needs Service Cascade: Evidence From A Multistakeholder Qualitative Study دراسة نوعية لأطراف متعددة
  8. Park JK; Beck AF; Warren K; Sage WM (2026) Medical-Legal Partnership as Value-Based Primary Care: Interprofessional Teamwork for Health-Related Social Needs. [Review] مقالة علمية؛ مراجعة
  9. Ralston et al. (2026) Outreach Assessment for Social Health Needs in Patients with Multiple Chronic Conditions: Qualitative Study of Patient Experience دراسة نوعية متعددة المراكز
  10. Tucher EL; Knox MJ; Grant RW; Brown MC (2026) Factors Associated With Patients Wanting Assistance With Their Social Risks دراسة مقطعية مرجحة
  11. Vasan A; Knowles M; Flerchinger S; Tandy TK; Mosen D; Soltesz J; Paradis O; Friedman N; Long JA; Ertz-Berger BL; Kangovi S (2026) Effects of a Standardized Community Health Worker Intervention on Health Care Utilization Within an Integrated Delivery System تجربة عشوائية / تحليل مستقبلي
  12. Wright T; Jenkinson DJ; Yu D; Tierney S; Ford J; Tatton S; Yameen F; Jinks C; Parry E (2026) Screening for social determinants of health in primary care: protocol for a feasibility study. مقالة في مجلة علمية
  13. Agarwal G; Ziesmann A; Paramalingam A; Nair K; Delleman B; Edwards D; Crowe S; Tye H (2025) Perceptions of primary care patients attending a legal health clinic: a qualitative descriptive study دراسة نوعية وصفية
  14. Anonymous (2025) Community Health Workers Systematically Assessing and Addressing Social Determinants of Health to Improve Outcomes in Community Health Centers (CHW-SYSTIM). تجربة سريرية
  15. Anonymous (2025) Measuring Patient Reported Needs in Outpatient Liver Disease Management. تجربة سريرية
  16. Elaine De Leon; Sneha Panganamamula; Antoinette Schoenthaler (2025) Health-Related Social Needs Discussions in Primary Care Encounters in Safety-Net Clinics: A Qualitative Analysis مقالة بحثية نوعية
  17. Hudon et al. (2025) Planning the scale-up of integrated care for adults with complex health and social needs in Quebec دراسة التنفيذ والتخطيط
  18. Kelsea LeBeau; Erin M Bergner; Joyce W Harris; Laurie L Novak; Isaac Schlotterbeck; Sunil Kripalani; Lyndsay A Nelson (2025) Optimizing the Collection, Integration, and Use of Health-Related Social Needs Data in the Primary Care Setting: Recommendations Derived From Key Interest-Holders مقالة بحثية نوعية
  19. Kosowan et al. (2025) Validation of a standardised approach to collect sociodemographic and social needs data in Canadian primary care: cross-sectional study of the SPARK tool دراسة تحقق
  20. Llamocca EN; Bossick AS; White Perkins D; Ahmedani BK; Behrendt R; Bloemen A; Murphy A; Kulkarni A; Lockhart E (2025) Health-related social needs screening, reporting, and assistance in a large health system دراسة مقطعية للسجلات السريرية
  21. Napierala H; Jeske N; Roll S; Köberlein-Neu J; Herrmann WJ (2025) Social prescribing to improve health and well-being of patients presenting with non-medical health related social needs in primary care: Study protocol of a multi-center randomized controlled pragmatic feasibility trial بروتوكول تجربة عشوائية عملية
  22. Olson et al. (2025) Getting Inside Closed-Loop Referrals: Exploring the Patient Experience of Finding and Connecting to Social Care With a Community Resource Referral System Using a Community-Based Participatory Approach أساليب مختلطة تشاركية
  23. Pola-Garcia M.; Enriquez Martin N.; Turon Lanuza A.; Mendez-Lopez F.; Gasch-Gallen A.; Lou Alcaine M.L.; Benede Azagra C.B. (2025) Assessing the implementation and impact of a social prescribing protocol in primary care. مقالة
  24. Rao M.; Maciejewski M.; Greene A.L.; Smith V.A.; Slightam C.; Cohen A.; Jacobs J.; Blalock D.V.; Kimerling R.; Zulman D.M. (2025) PREVALENCE OF 18 SOCIAL RISKS IN A NATIONAL SURVEY OF VETERANS HEALTH ADMINISTRATION PATIENTS. ملخص مؤتمر
  25. Sidebottom et al. (2025) Health-Related Social Needs and Health Care Utilization in the Accountable Health Communities Model أتراب / تقييم AHC
  26. Vest et al. (2025) Health-related social needs, methods, and concerns for a polysocial risk score: an expert panel دلفي / لجنة خبراء
  27. Agarwal et al. (2024) Integrating a Legal Clinic Program Within Urban Primary Healthcare دراسة برنامج
  28. Carroll J.K.; Fernald D.H.; Hall T.L.; Groves H.M.; Grant G.; Sherrill A.; Crispe K.; Brown A.; Lampe S.; Perry Dickinson W. (2024) A Unique Model and Workforce to Address Health-Related Social Needs and Health Equity: Regional Health Connectors in Colorado. مقالة
  29. Drake et al. (2024) Implementation of NCCARE360, a Digital Statewide Closed-Loop Referral Platform to Improve Health and Social Care Coordination: Evidence from the North Carolina COVID-19 Support Services Program دراسة حالة للتنفيذ
  30. Gore R; Engelberg RS; Johnson D; Jebb O; Schwartz MD; Islam N (2024) Integrating Community Health Workers' Dual Clinic-Community Role in Safety-Net Primary Care: Implementation Lessons from a Pragmatic Diabetes-Prevention Trial دراسة نوعية للتنفيذ
  31. Hatef E; Richards T; Topel K; Hail S; Kitchen C; Shaw K; Zhang T; Lasser EC; Weiner JP (2024) Piloting a Clinical Decision Support Tool to Identify Patients With Social Needs and Provide Navigation Services and Referral to Community-Based Organizations: Protocol for a Randomized Controlled Trial بروتوكول تجربة عشوائية
  32. Hausmann et al. (2024) Participation of Veterans Affairs Medical Centers in veteran-centric community-based service navigation networks: A mixed methods study أساليب مختلطة بين المنظمات
  33. Hudon et al. (2024) Opportunities of integrated care to improve equity for adults with complex health and social needs: a qualitative study دراسة نوعية
  34. Leung C.W.; Patel M.R.; Miller M.; Spring E.; Wang Z.; Wolfson J.A.; Cohen A.J.; Heisler M.; Hao W. (2024) Food Insecurity at a Large Academic Medical Center: Understanding the Five-Year Prevalence, Trends, Associated Health-Related Social Risks, and Requests for Assistance. ملخص مؤتمر
  35. Leung C.W.; Patel M.R.; Miller M.; Spring E.; Wang Z.; Wolfson J.A.; Cohen A.J.; Heisler M.; Hao W. (2024) Food Insecurity Prevalence and Risk Factors at a Large Academic Medical Center in Michigan. مقالة
  36. Moon et al. (2024) Automated Identification of Patients' Unmet Social Needs in Clinical Text Using Natural Language Processing دراسة تطوير الخوارزميات والتحقق منها
  37. Parchman ML; Stefanik-Guizlo K; Penfold RB; Holden E; Shah AC (2024) Improving Diabetes Control in a Medicaid Managed Care Population With Complex Needs تقييم برنامج
  38. Sabatino et al. (2024) Identifying and addressing health-related social needs: a Medicaid member perspective دراسة نوعية
  39. Sosso J.L.; Fischer K.M.; Lampman M.A.; Garrison G.M.; Stacey S.K.; Bernard M.E.; Foss R.M.; Jegen D.A.; Allen S.V.; Thacher T.D. (2024) Relationship Between Social Risks and Diabetes Metrics in a US Health System. مقالة
  40. Walker R.J.; Williams J.S.; Linde S.; Egede L.E. (2024) Social Risk and Clinical Outcomes Among Adults With Type 2 Diabetes. مقالة
  41. Zeng et al. (2024) Patterns of Social Needs Among Patients in a Large Health System تحليل الفئات الكامنة
  42. Anonymous (2023) The Hotspotters Project. Pursuing the Triple Aim in Hotspotters: Identification and Integrated Care. تجربة سريرية
  43. Egede L.E.; Walker R.J.; Linde S.; Williams J.S. (2023) IDENTIFYING INDIVIDUALS WITH HIGHEST SOCIAL RISK IN ADULTS WITH TYPE 2 DIABETES: TWO PARAMETER ITEM RESPONSE THEORY METHODOLOGY. ملخص مؤتمر
  44. Emma L Karran et al. (2023) The 'what' and 'how' of screening for social needs in healthcare settings: a scoping review مراجعة استكشافية
  45. Kerry K Meltzer; Corinne M Rhodes; Anna U Morgan; Gillian L Lautenbach; Judy A Shea; Marguerite A Balasta (2023) Insights Into Patients' Perceptions of Health-Related Social Needs and the Role of the Adult Primary Care Clinic مقالة بحثية نوعية
  46. Rao M.; Maciejewski M.; Nelson K.; Marcotte L.M.; Zulman D. (2023) BEYOND SCREENING AND REFERRAL: A PRAGMATIC FRAMEWORK FOR HEALTH CARE SYSTEMS TO DETERMINE THE ACTIONABILITY OF SOCIAL RISKS. ملخص مؤتمر
  47. Williams J.S.; Linde S.; Walker R.J.; Egede L.E. (2023) RELATIONSHIP BETWEEN SOCIAL RISK INDICATORS AND CLINICAL OUTCOMES FOR ADULTS WITH TYPE 2 DIABETES: A LATENT CLASS ANALYSIS. ملخص مؤتمر
  48. Albert et al. (2022) Do patients want clinicians to ask about social needs and include this information in their medical record? مسح مقطعي
  49. Alice F Yan et al. (2022) Effectiveness of Social Needs Screening and Interventions in Clinical Settings on Utilization, Cost, and Clinical Outcomes: A Systematic Review مراجعة منهجية
  50. Anna Louise Steeves-Reece et al. (2022) Social Needs Resource Connections: A Systematic Review of Barriers, Facilitators, and Evaluation مراجعة منهجية بأساليب مختلطة
  51. Beidler et al. (2022) "More than just giving them a piece of paper": Interviews with Primary Care on Social Needs Referrals to Community-Based Organizations دراسة نوعية وطنية
  52. Broaddus-Shea et al. (2022) Health-related social needs screening communication in primary care: patient and staff perspectives دراسة نوعية
  53. Jopling et al. (2022) TeamCare: an interprofessional primary care intervention for patients with complex health and social needs بروتوكول / دراسة تدخل
  54. Khan et al. (2022) Exploring Intra and Interorganizational Integration Efforts Involving the Primary Care Sector - A Case Study from Ontario دراسة حالة ومنهج الشبكات الاجتماعية
  55. Mathieu Bujold; Pierre Pluye; France Légaré; Participatory Review Team (2022) Decision-making and related outcomes of patients with complex care needs in primary care settings: a systematic literature review with a case-based qualitative synthesis مراجعة منهجية بأساليب مختلطة
  56. McQueen et al. (2022) Associations among social needs, health and healthcare utilization, and desire for navigation services among US Medicaid beneficiaries with type 2 diabetes مسح مقطعي
  57. Simpson et al. (2022) Understanding social care need through primary care big data: a scoping review مراجعة استكشافية
  58. Tevaearai M; Hangartner E; Dory É; Abelairas H; Marion-Veyron R; Pahud Vermeulen B; Bodenmann P (2022) Chapitre 3.17. Une unité sociale installée au cœur des consultations de médecine générale فصل من كتاب / تقرير تجربة
  59. Chagin et al. (2021) A Framework for Evaluating Social Determinants of Health Screening and Referrals for Assistance تطوير إطار وتطبيقه
  60. Drake et al. (2021) Implementation of social needs screening in primary care: a qualitative study using the health equity implementation framework دراسة نوعية للتنفيذ
  61. Emily Ruiz Escobar; Shweta Pathak; Carrie M Blanchard (2021) Screening and Referral Care Delivery Services and Unmet Health-Related Social Needs: A Systematic Review مراجعة منهجية
  62. Fiori et al. (2021) Scaling-up social needs screening in practice: a retrospective, cross-sectional analysis of data from electronic health records from Bronx county, New York, USA تحليل استعادي للتنفيذ
  63. Fraze et al. (2021) Resource Brokering: Efforts to Assist Patients With Housing, Transportation, and Economic Needs in Primary Care دراسة نوعية تنظيمية
  64. Gruß I; Varga A; Brooks N; Gold R; Banegas MP (2021) Patient Interest in Receiving Assistance with Self-Reported Social Risks دراسة مقطعية
  65. Matthew W Kreuter; Rachel Garg; Linda Li; Laura McNulty; Tess Thompson; Amy McQueen; Alina A Luke (2021) How Do Social Needs Cluster Among Low-Income Individuals? مقالة
  66. Nguyen et al. (2021) Receipt of Social Needs Assistance and Health Center Patient Experience of Care تحليل مسح وطني
  67. Piemeu et al. (2021) Expectations and needs of socially vulnerable patients for navigational support of primary health care services دراسة نوعية
  68. Sahil Sandhu; Jacqueline Xu; Howard Eisenson; Janet Prvu Bettger (2021) Workforce Models to Screen for and Address Patients' Unmet Social Needs in the Clinic Setting: A Scoping Review مراجعة استكشافية
  69. Boch et al. (2020) Integrative Review of Social Determinants of Health Screening Tools Used in Primary Care مراجعة تكاملية
  70. Iott et al. (2020) More than a Database: Understanding Community Resource Referrals within a Socio-Technical Systems Framework دراسة نوعية اجتماعية تقنية
  71. Johnston KJ; Mittler J; Hockenberry JM (2020) Patient social risk factors and continuity of care for Medicare beneficiaries. مقالة علمية؛ دراسة رصدية؛ تمويل حكومي من خارج الولايات المتحدة
  72. Krist et al. (2020) Enhanced care planning and clinical-community linkages versus usual care to address basic needs of patients with multiple chronic conditions: a clinician-level randomized controlled trial بروتوكول تجربة عشوائية
  73. Manian et al. (2020) Social needs intervention dosage and successful resource connections دراسة رصدية لبرنامج
  74. Samuels-Kalow et al. (2020) The terminology of social emergency medicine: Measuring social determinants of health, social risk, and social need مقالة مفاهيمية
  75. Berkowitz et al. (2019) Impact of Social Needs Navigation on Utilization Among High Utilizers in a Large Integrated Health System: a Quasi-experimental Study دراسة شبه تجريبية
  76. Santo et al. (2019) Patient-Defined Visit Priorities in Primary Care: Psychosocial Versus Medically Focused Concerns دراسة رصدية
  77. Tudrej BV; Martinière A; Etonno R; Reif C; Emery S; Hervé C; Birault F (2019) Scores de précarité en pratique clinique مراجعة أدوات / مقالة تركيبية
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  79. Leppin et al. (2018) Applying Social Network Analysis to Evaluate Implementation of a Multisector Population Health Collaborative That Uses a Bridging Hub Organization تحليل الشبكات الاجتماعية للتنفيذ
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  81. Flye Sainte Marie C; Querrioux I; Baumann C; Di Patrizio P (2015) Difficultés des médecins généralistes dans la prise en charge de leurs patients précaires دراسة بأساليب مختلطة
  82. Marron-Delabre A; Rivollier E; Bois C (2015) Relation médecin-patient en situation de précarité économique : point de vue des patients دراسة نوعية
  83. Whitford D.L.; Chan W.-S. (2007) A randomised controlled trial of a lengthened and multi-disciplinary consultation model in a socially deprived community: A study protocol. مقالة

01.2 · محاور البحث

محاور البحث

ستة محاور تربط أسئلة البحث بالأعمال والخبرات التي تغذيها. تفتح كل بطاقة محتوى محددًا في الموقع.

المحاور الرئيسية

المحور 02

المقاربة المشتركة بين القطاعات في خط الرعاية الأول

دراسة الاستجابة المشتركة بين القطاعات لأنماط الاحتياجات الاجتماعية المتزامنة لدى كبار السن المتابَعين في منازلهم.

محاور ثانوية

01.3 · المنشورات

المنشورات والأعمال قيد الإنجاز

تُعرض هنا المداخلات العلمية والرسائل الجامعية المناقَشة والمخطوطات قيد الإعداد، مع الحفاظ على عناوينها الأصلية ومؤلفيها وحالتها.

مكتبة البحث العلمي

استكشاف الأعمال حسب النوع

مخطوطات وملصقات وعروض وأعمال جامعية في أربعة أقسام واضحة.

  1. 01البحث
  2. 02الكتابة
  3. 03العرض
  4. 04المشاركة
المجموعة المحددة :المقالات العلمية

مخطوطات مقدّمة وأخرى قيد الإعداد

أبحاث مقدّمة ومخطوطات قيد الكتابة بالتوازي مع الأطروحة.

الأنظمة الصحية والرعاية الأولية

مقدّم إلى BJGP Open

Patient experience and potentially avoidable hospitalisations across OECD countries: exploratory ecological study

Éric Bernier (LL.M, PhD student), Nadia Sourial (PhD), Isabelle Vedel (PhD), Géraldine Layani (MD, M.Sc), Aurélien Algoet (MD), Matthieu Calafiore (MD, PhD)

الاستشفاء الممكن تجنّبهتجربة المرضىالرعاية الأولية

الإبستمولوجيا ونقل المعارف

تمت صياغة المخطوطة · العمل معلّق

Epistemic return in public health governance: The road back from health to science

Bernier, É.

يُتصوَّر أثر البحث عادةً في اتجاه واحد، من المعرفة نحو السياسات والممارسات. ويقترح هذا المقال تصوّر الصحة العامة بوصفها علمًا انعكاسيًا للحوكمة: إذ يحدّد الشروط التي يمكن فيها للنتائج الملاحظة في الميدان ولمعارف الفئات السكانية المعنية أن تستوجب إعادة النظر في الفئات والمؤشرات والقواعد في المراحل السابقة. ويُترجَم هذا المفهوم إلى تدقيق وثائقي جرى اختباره على أربع سلاسل مؤسسية.

العودة المعرفيةالحوكمة الانعكاسيةأثر البحث

الحوكمة والفضاء العام

مخطوطة قيد الإعداد

Prise de parole des médecins dans l’espace public québécois lors des débats entourant le projet de loi n° 2 : une analyse qualitative du discours critique

Bernier, É., Aïssi, F., Diene Faye, C., Boukari Abdo, S.

صوت الأطباء في المجال العامالنقاش العامالسياسات الصحية

قانون الصحة

مخطوطة قيد الإعداد

Vieillir chez soi à l’épreuve du droit : l’effectivité du choix du lieu de vie en droit français et en droit québécois

Bernier, É. · مقالة فقهية قانونية

القانون الصحيالشيخوخة في المنزلاختيار مكان العيش

01.4 · الموقف البحثي

الموقف البحثي

بحث سياقي ونقدي وتأملي

يتناول موقفي البحثي كيفية صياغة المشكلات وبناء فئات التحليل وإنتاج معارف قابلة للنقاش والمراجعة. ويجمع بين فهم علائقي للأوضاع الصحية وفحص المؤسسات والتأمل الانعكاسي لدى الباحث.

01تموضع الباحث

تحديد زاوية النظر وتوضيح الاختيارات

أفهم الأشخاص بوصفهم كائنات متفرّدة تنخرط في علاقات وتاريخ وأوساط اجتماعية ومادية وحيّة تعتمد عليها. ويمكن لكل شخص أن تكون له تطلعاته الخاصة؛ وتتشكّل إمكانات تحقيقها أيضاً ضمن ظروف العيش والموارد والعلاقات. ويعبر هذا التوتر بين التفرّد والاعتماد المتبادل فهمي للصحة.

يوجد موقعي كباحث داخل هذا العالم نفسه. وتوجّه تجربتي مع الأشخاص ذوي الإعاقة وفي القانون والإدارة والصحة العامة المشكلات التي أنتبه إليها. وأتعامل مع هذا الموقع كنقطة انطلاق تستحق الفحص: إظهار اختياراتي وتقبّل الاعتراض والسماح للبحث بتغيير فئاتي المفاهيمية.

يقتضي التأمل الانعكاسي فحص كيفية تأثير السؤال المطروح والفئات المختارة والجهات المشمولة وظروف البحث في المعرفة المنتجة. أوضّح هذه الاختيارات والتفسيرات البديلة وحدود الاستنتاجات حتى يكون الاستدلال قابلاً للنقاش.

01.5 · مناهج البحث

منهجيات البحث المستخدمة

من السؤال إلى الملاحظة: لكل سؤال بياناته ومنهج تحليله وتأويله. أختار المناهج وفق ما ينبغي إيضاحه، مع المزاوجة بين التخصصات.

يرتبط بناء التصميم وجمع البيانات واختيار استراتيجية التحليل بسؤال البحث. وتوضح المقاربات التالية إمكاناتها ومتطلباتها وحدودها.

مناهج مختلطة

تحليلات كمية ونوعية متكاملة: تحليل الشبكات، والانحدار، والتحليل الموضوعاتي، والتحليل الوثائقي، ورسم الخرائط، تجتمع كلها في جداول تكاملية.

صندوق الأدوات

تحليل البيانات

Positron (R)PythonNVivoQGISExcel

التعاون والتنشيط

MiroKlaxoonCanva

البرمجيات المكتبية

Office 365

تحليل الشبكات الاجتماعية المتمركز حول الذات والمتمركز حول المجتمع

يصف تحليل الشبكات الاجتماعية العلاقات بين الفاعلين بدلًا من الاقتصار على خصائصهم. يدرس المنهج المتمركز حول المجتمع مجموع الروابط داخل جماعة محددة، بينما ينطلق المنهج المتمركز حول الذات من مستجيب (الأنا) ومن المحاورين الذين يسمّيهم (الآخرون). في أطروحتي، تتمحور الشبكة حول فريق الدعم المنزلي (SAD) في كل مركز للخدمات المجتمعية المحلية (CLSC). وبالنسبة إلى كل حالة نموذجية، يسمّي الفريق المنظمات التي وجّه إليها شخصاً مسنّاً، أو التي تعاون معها، خلال الأشهر الاثني عشر الماضية. ويحدّد مستوى التعاون، من 1 (تبادل المعلومات أو الإحالة) إلى 4 (التكامل). وتُقارن هذه الشبكة المصرَّح بها بإحالات 211 وبأطلس الموارد، ثم تُفسَّر في المقابلات.

شبكة متمركزة حول الذات للتنسيق في تعزيز الصحة على المستوى البلدي: الفاعل المحوري (الأنا) في المركز، مرتبط بمحاوريه (الآخرون).
شبكة متمركزة حول الذات للتنسيق في تعزيز الصحة على المستوى البلدي: الفاعل المحوري (الأنا) في المركز، مرتبط بمحاوريه (الآخرون). الشكل 1 من Richter وMamontova وKühne (2026)، BMC Health Services Research، رخصة CC BY 4.0
شبكة متمركزة حول المجتمع تضم 27 منظمة للصحة النفسية والخدمات الاجتماعية في تيمور الشرقية، بحسب تواتر الاتصال خلال سنة.
شبكة متمركزة حول المجتمع تضم 27 منظمة للصحة النفسية والخدمات الاجتماعية في تيمور الشرقية، بحسب تواتر الاتصال خلال سنة. الشكل 2 من Hall وآخرين (2019)، International Journal of Mental Health Systems، رخصة CC BY 4.0

رسم الخرائط ونظم المعلومات الجغرافية

تربط الخرائط ونظم المعلومات الجغرافية البيانات بمواقعها لوصف توزيع الخدمات والاحتياجات والسكان على إقليم ما. وتربط مقاييس إمكانية الوصول المحتملة، مثل طريقة منطقة الاستقطاب العائمة على مرحلتين (2SFCA)، بين عرض الخدمات والطلب عليها والمسافة الفاصلة بينهما. اكتسبتُ أسس هذا المنهج من خلال مساق إلكتروني مفتوح (MOOC) من جامعة جنيف. وفي أطروحتي، رسم الخرائط هو الهدف O2: أطلس للموارد لكل إقليم من أقاليم CLSC، وإمكانية الوصول E2SFCA سيراً على الأقدام وبالنقل الجماعي، ومؤشر للفجوة بين الاحتياجات والعرض.

  • Guagliardo, M. F. (2004). Spatial accessibility of primary care: Concepts, methods and challenges. International Journal of Health Geographics, 3, Article 3. https://doi.org/10.1186/1476-072X-3-3
  • Luo, W., & Wang, F. (2003). Measures of spatial accessibility to health care in a GIS environment: Synthesis and a case study in the Chicago region. Environment and Planning B: Planning and Design, 30(6), 865–884. https://doi.org/10.1068/b29120
  • Ngui, A. N., & Apparicio, P. (2011). Optimizing the two-step floating catchment area method for measuring spatial accessibility to medical clinics in Montreal. BMC Health Services Research, 11, Article 166. https://doi.org/10.1186/1472-6963-11-166
إمكانية الوصول المكاني إلى العيادات الطبية في مونتريال وفق طريقة 2SFCA، بنسختيها التقليدية والمحسّنة.
إمكانية الوصول المكاني إلى العيادات الطبية في مونتريال وفق طريقة 2SFCA، بنسختيها التقليدية والمحسّنة. الشكل 3 من Ngui وApparicio (2011)، BMC Health Services Research، رخصة CC BY 2.0
مواقع الخدمات الصحية والاجتماعية في منطقة مونتريال الحضرية الكبرى سنة 2015، ومنها مراكز CLSC (الخريطة d).
مواقع الخدمات الصحية والاجتماعية في منطقة مونتريال الحضرية الكبرى سنة 2015، ومنها مراكز CLSC (الخريطة d). الشكل 4 من Apparicio وآخرين (2017)، International Journal of Health Geographics، رخصة CC BY 4.0

البرمجة القابلة لإعادة الإنتاج: R وPython في Positron، وسطر الأوامر

تعني البرمجة القابلة لإعادة الإنتاج إنجازَ كل مرحلة من مراحل التحليل، من استيراد البيانات إلى إعداد الأشكال، ضمن نصوص برمجية يمكن إعادة تشغيلها والتحقق منها. أبرمج بلغتي R وPython في Positron، بيئة التطوير التابعة لـ Posit، وأسلسل المعالجات عبر سطر الأوامر (shell). في R، تنظّم حزمة tidyverse إعداد البيانات، وتُستخدم igraph وstatnet لبناء الشبكات وحساب المركزية والكثافة والتماسك، وتتولى sf البيانات المكانية. ويُكمل Python هذه السلسلة في إعداد البيانات وأتمتتها. ويربط كل ذلك، ضمن مشروع واحد موثّق، بيانات الشبكات والبيانات الإقليمية والأشكال.

  • Handcock, M. S., Hunter, D. R., Butts, C. T., Goodreau, S. M., & Morris, M. (2008). statnet: Software tools for the representation, visualization, analysis and simulation of network data. Journal of Statistical Software, 24(1), 1–11. https://doi.org/10.18637/jss.v024.i01
  • Pebesma, E. (2018). Simple features for R: Standardized support for spatial vector data. The R Journal, 10(1), 439–446. https://doi.org/10.32614/RJ-2018-009
  • Wickham, H., Averick, M., Bryan, J., Chang, W., McGowan, L. D., François, R., Grolemund, G., Hayes, A., Henry, L., Hester, J., Kuhn, M., Pedersen, T. L., Miller, E., Bache, S. M., Müller, K., Ooms, J., Robinson, D., Seidel, D. P., Spinu, V., . . . Yutani, H. (2019). Welcome to the tidyverse. Journal of Open Source Software, 4(43), Article 1686. https://doi.org/10.21105/joss.01686
شبكة المنظمات المعنية بالوقاية من الأمراض الحيوانية المنشأ المستجدة، ملوّنة بحسب القطاع؛ حُلّلت باستخدام igraph وstatnet ورُسمت في R باستخدام ggraph.
شبكة المنظمات المعنية بالوقاية من الأمراض الحيوانية المنشأ المستجدة، ملوّنة بحسب القطاع؛ حُلّلت باستخدام igraph وstatnet ورُسمت في R باستخدام ggraph. الشكل 2 من Clifford Astbury وآخرين (2024)، Globalization and Health، رخصة CC BY 4.0
مخططات اجتماعية للتفاعلات بين المنظمات في غينيا وسيراليون (الملاريا وكوفيد-19)، أُعدّت في R باستخدام tidyverse وtidygraph وggraph.
مخططات اجتماعية للتفاعلات بين المنظمات في غينيا وسيراليون (الملاريا وكوفيد-19)، أُعدّت في R باستخدام tidyverse وtidygraph وggraph. الشكل 1 من Feddern وآخرين (2025)، PLOS ONE، رخصة CC BY 4.0

التحليل النوعي الموضوعاتي وتحليل الشبكات

يحدّد التحليل الموضوعاتي أنماط المعنى في مجموعة من المقابلات أو الوثائق وينظّمها ويفسّرها، عبر عملية تكرارية تمتد من الترميز الأولي إلى تعريف الموضوعات. أُجري هذا الترميز باستخدام NVivo، الذي يتيح توثيق شجرة الرموز والمذكرات والتجميعات المتتالية. في أطروحتي، تتمحور المقابلات التفسيرية حول خريطة شبكة كل فريق SAD. يجمع Framework Method بين الرموز الاستنباطية والاستقرائية في مصفوفة مشاركين × موضوعات لمقارنة القطاعات والمواقع في الشبكة والأنماط. يُخطط لترميز مزدوج لـ20٪ من المادة ودفتر تأملي وإعادة عرض النتائج على المشاركين قبل دمج الشقين الكمي والنوعي.

خريطة موضوعاتية ناتجة عن تحليل موضوعاتي تأملي لمقابلات رُمّزت في NVivo، حول الوصول إلى الرعاية الأولية.
خريطة موضوعاتية ناتجة عن تحليل موضوعاتي تأملي لمقابلات رُمّزت في NVivo، حول الوصول إلى الرعاية الأولية. الشكل 1 من Instone وآخرين (2026)، BMC Primary Care، رخصة CC BY 4.0
خريطة شبكة رُسمت أثناء مقابلة ثم رُقمنت، ضمن تحليل نوعي لشبكة مشتركة بين القطاعات لتعزيز الصحة.
خريطة شبكة رُسمت أثناء مقابلة ثم رُقمنت، ضمن تحليل نوعي لشبكة مشتركة بين القطاعات لتعزيز الصحة. الشكل 1 من Fleuren وThiel وFrahsa (2021)، International Journal of Environmental Research and Public Health، رخصة CC BY 4.0

التحليل النقدي للخطاب

أجريتُ تحليلًا نوعيًا للخطاب النقدي لأطباء كيبيك خلال النقاشات حول مشروع القانون رقم 2. وتضم المدوّنة المختارة قصدًا 42 وثيقة صحفية وبيانًا (قاعدة Eureka، من مايو إلى ديسمبر 2025)، رُمّزت زمنيًا حتى استقرار بنية الرموز. ويجمع التحليل بين النموذج الثلاثي الأبعاد لـ Fairclough (النص، وممارسات الإنتاج والتداول، والسياق الاجتماعي السياسي)، ونظرية التأطير، وإسناد الأدوار السردية: الضحايا، والمسؤولون، والحُماة. وتُتتبَّع كل اقتباسة حتى مصدرها، ويميّز التحليل بين ما تقوله النصوص وتأويلها السوسيولوجي.

  • Entman, R. M. (1993). Framing: Toward clarification of a fractured paradigm. Journal of Communication, 43(4), 51–58. https://doi.org/10.1111/j.1460-2466.1993.tb01304.x
  • Fairclough, N. (1995). Critical discourse analysis: The critical study of language. Longman.
  • Hennink, M. M., Kaiser, B. N., & Marconi, V. C. (2017). Code saturation versus meaning saturation: How many interviews are enough? Qualitative Health Research, 27(4), 591–608. https://doi.org/10.1177/1049732316665344
  • Shanahan, E. A., Jones, M. D., & McBeth, M. K. (2018). How to conduct a Narrative Policy Framework study. The Social Science Journal, 55(3), 332–345. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.soscij.2017.12.002
الممارسة الاجتماعية: السياق الاجتماعي السياسيالممارسة الخطابية: الإنتاج والتداولالنص
النموذج الثلاثي الأبعاد للتحليل النقدي للخطاب رسم تخطيطي وفق Fairclough (1995)

دراسات الحالة: فهم المنظمة في سياقها

تدرس مقاربة الحالة ظاهرة محددة بعمق: منظمة أو إقليماً أو سياسة أو برنامجاً. وقد يشمل التصميم حالة واحدة أو حالات متعددة أو وحدات متداخلة؛ وتكمن قوته في ربط الظاهرة بسياقها.

التحديد والاختيار
توضيح وحدة التحليل والحدود الزمنية والتنظيمية وسبب اختيار الحالات: نمطية أو متباينة أو غنية بالمعلومات.
الجمع بين المواد
ربط المقابلات والوثائق والملاحظات والبيانات الكمية. تحليل كل حالة ثم المقارنة العابرة للحالات إذا شمل التصميم حالات متعددة.
نطاق الاستنتاجات
حفظ سلسلة الأدلة وفحص التفسيرات البديلة ووصف السياق. تستند قابلية النقل إلى الاستدلال التحليلي دون افتراض تمثيل إحصائي.
  1. تحديد الحالة
  2. الجمع بين المصادر
  3. تحليل الآليات
  4. مناقشة قابلية النقل
دراسة سياقية بوحدات ومنطق مقارنة واضحين.

المقابلات النوعية: الخبرات والممارسات ومنطق الفعل

تستكشف المقابلات، ولا سيما شبه الموجّهة، معنى الخبرات والقرارات والممارسات. وينظّم دليل مفتوح الموضوعات مع إتاحة الاستيضاح والمستجدات والتناقضات.

الاختيار القصدي
البحث عن وجهات نظر ذات صلة ومتباينة. تكييف الاستقطاب مع غنى المعلومات وخصوصية العينة وجودة الحوار، بدلاً من عدد موحّد للمشاركين.
الجمع والتحليل
اختبار الدليل أولياً وجمع الموافقة وتوثيق ظروف المقابلة والتفريغ واستخدام المعرّفات المستعارة. ربط الترميز بالمقتطفات، مثلاً في مصفوفة Framework Method.
التأملية والشفافية
توضيح موقع الباحث وعلاقات البحث والاختيارات التفسيرية. تدعم COREQ شفافية التقرير؛ ولا تتيح المقابلة تقدير الانتشار.
  • Malterud, K., Siersma, V. D., & Guassora, A. D. (2016). Sample size in qualitative interview studies: Guided by information power. Qualitative Health Research, 26(13), 1753–1760. https://doi.org/10.1177/1049732315617444
  • Gale, N. K., Heath, G., Cameron, E., Rashid, S., & Redwood, S. (2013). Using the framework method for the analysis of qualitative data in multi-disciplinary health research. BMC Medical Research Methodology, 13, Article 117. https://doi.org/10.1186/1471-2288-13-117
  • Tong, A., Sainsbury, P., & Craig, J. (2007). Consolidated criteria for reporting qualitative research (COREQ): A 32-item checklist for interviews and focus groups. International Journal for Quality in Health Care, 19(6), 349–357. https://doi.org/10.1093/intqhc/mzm042
  1. اختيار المنظورات
  2. الإجراء والتوثيق
  3. الترميز والتفسير
  4. مناقشة الأمثلة المضادة
تُنتَج المادة في تفاعل؛ ويشكّل السياق والتأملية جزءاً من التحليل.

تصميم الاستبيانات وتنفيذها

يترجم المسح بالاستبيان سؤال البحث إلى قياسات قابلة للمقارنة. ويربط المجتمع المستهدف واستراتيجية المعاينة واختيار الأسئلة وطريقة التطبيق، إلكترونياً أو هاتفياً أو حضورياً.

بناء القياسات
تحديد المفاهيم واختيار البنود الملائمة والفترات المرجعية. يتطلب المقياس الجديد فحص صدق المحتوى والبنية والثبات؛ وليس كل استبيان مقياساً سيكومترياً.
الاختبار والنشر
استخدام مقابلات معرفية لفهم تفسير الأسئلة، ثم تجربة أولية. التخطيط لإمكانية الوصول واللغات والمدة والموافقة والسرية والتذكيرات المناسبة.
توصيف التقديرات
توثيق التغطية والمشاركة وعدم الاستجابة والبيانات المفقودة. تطبيق الأوزان عندما يتطلبها التصميم؛ فالحجم الكبير لا يصحّح بمفرده تحيّز الاختيار.
  1. التحديد والمعاينة
  2. البناء والاختبار
  3. التطبيق والمتابعة
  4. تقييم الجودة
تُبنى الجودة قبل تطبيق الاستبيان وأثناءه وبعده.

تحليل البيانات الثانوية

يعيد التحليل الثانوي استخدام بيانات قائمة، مثل المسوح والأتراب والبيانات الإدارية والمؤسسية، للإجابة عن سؤال محدد. ويتطلب فهم سبب إنتاجها ومصادرها وطريقة جمعها.

ملاءمة البيانات
فحص المجتمع المغطّى ووحدة الملاحظة والتوقيت وقاموس المتغيرات وقابلية المقارنة. التمييز بين المؤشر الإداري والقياس المباشر للحاجة أو الخبرة.
إعداد قابل لإعادة الإنتاج
توثيق الوصول المصرّح والتنظيف وإعادة الترميز والربط والاستبعادات. مراعاة تصميم المسح وتغير التعريفات وتتبّع التحويلات في الشيفرة.
التحيّز والشفافية
فحص أخطاء القياس والبيانات المفقودة والاختيار والإرباك. توضّح RECORD إعداد تقارير البيانات الصحية الروتينية؛ ولا يضمن توافر البيانات تمثيل المجتمع أو تحديد الأثر السببي.
  • Cheng, H. G., & Phillips, M. R. (2014). Secondary analysis of existing data: Opportunities and implementation. Shanghai Archives of Psychiatry, 26(6), 371–375. https://pmc.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/articles/PMC4311114/
  • Benchimol, E. I., Smeeth, L., Guttmann, A., Harron, K., Moher, D., Petersen, I., Sørensen, H. T., von Elm, E., Langan, S. M., & RECORD Working Committee. (2015). The REporting of studies Conducted using Observational Routinely-collected health Data (RECORD) Statement. PLOS Medicine, 12(10), Article e1001885. https://doi.org/10.1371/journal.pmed.1001885
  1. تقييم الملاءمة
  2. توثيق المصدر
  3. المواءمة والتحليل
  4. اختبار المتانة
الانطلاق من السؤال وظروف إنتاج البيانات ثم توضيح التحويلات.

الاستدلال السببي والتقييم شبه التجريبي

يدرس الاستدلال السببي أثر تدخل أو تعرّض مقارنة ببديل محدد. ويميّز السؤال السببي من الارتباط المرصود ويربط المجتمع والتدخل والمقارنة والزمن والنتيجة.

تحديد الأثر المستهدف
تحديد الكمية المراد تقديرها ولحظة البداية، وتوضيح العلاقات المفترضة في رسم سببي (DAG). وعند الاقتضاء، تعريف التجربة المستهدفة التي يمكن للبيانات محاكاتها.
اختيار استراتيجية التحديد
مناقشة قابلية التبادل والإيجابية والاتساق. تعتمد المعيارية والترجيح والتعديلات الأخرى على البيانات؛ ويتطلب فرق الفروق، خصوصاً، معقولية الاتجاهات المتوازية.
فحص التفسيرات البديلة
تستلزم السلاسل الزمنية المتقطعة فحص الاتجاه والموسمية والارتباط الذاتي والأحداث المتزامنة. ويصاحب التفسير تحليل الحساسية ومناقشة الإرباك المتبقي.
  • Hernán, M. A., & Robins, J. M. (2020). Causal inference: What if. Chapman & Hall/CRC. https://miguelhernan.org/whatifbook
  • Lopez Bernal, J., Cummins, S., & Gasparrini, A. (2017). Interrupted time series regression for the evaluation of public health interventions: A tutorial. International Journal of Epidemiology, 46(1), 348–355. https://doi.org/10.1093/ije/dyw098
  1. صياغة الأثر السببي
  2. توضيح الافتراضات
  3. التحديد والتقدير
  4. فحص الحساسية
يعتمد التقدير السببي على تصميم وافتراضات قابلة للدفاع؛ ويعمل النموذج الإحصائي ضمن هذا الإطار.

التحليل المقارن للنظم الصحية: MSSD وMDSD

تربط المقارنة الحوكمة والتمويل والموارد وتنظيم الخدمات والنتائج. وتوضح أعمال Carsten Anckar منطقين للاختيار: تصميم النظم الأكثر تشابهاً (MSSD) وتصميم النظم الأكثر اختلافاً (MDSD).

MSSD · النظم الأكثر تشابهاً
مقارنة نظم متقاربة في أبعاد السياق لكنها مختلفة في النتيجة، لفحص الاختلافات التنظيمية أو السياسية التي قد تفسّرها.
MDSD · النظم الأكثر اختلافاً
مقارنة نظم متباينة تشترك في نتيجة لاستكشاف العوامل المشتركة التي قد تسهم فيها. يوجّه المنطقان الاختيار، ولا يشكّلان توزيعاً عشوائياً.
ضمان معنى المقارنة
تبرير البلدان أو الأقاليم ومواءمة المفاهيم والفترات والمؤشرات ثم تحليل الآليات والمسارات. مراعاة الاختلافات الداخلية وتاريخ الإصلاحات وحدود الاستدلال من عدد قليل من النظم.
  • Anckar, C. (2008). On the applicability of the most similar systems design and the most different systems design in comparative research. International Journal of Social Research Methodology, 11(5), 389–401. https://doi.org/10.1080/13645570701401552
  • World Health Organization & European Observatory on Health Systems and Policies. (2022). Health system performance assessment: A framework for policy analysis. World Health Organization. https://www.who.int/publications/i/item/9789240042476/
  1. تحديد النتيجة
  2. تبرير MSSD أو MDSD
  3. مواءمة المؤشرات
  4. مقارنة الآليات
يخدم الاختيار القصدي للنظم سؤالاً تفسيرياً يتجاوز ترتيب الأداء.

01.6 · خلاصة وثائقية · 14 أكتوبر 2026

الذكاء الاصطناعي: البرمجة وإنتاج المعرفة والتفكير في آثاره المجتمعية

يجمع هذا القسم بين البرمجة بمساعدة الذكاء الاصطناعي وإنشاء الأدوات والتفكير في البحث والتعلّم والصحة العامة، ويستند إلى الأعمال العلمية حول فوائد هذه التقنيات وحدودها والتحولات الاجتماعية المرتبطة بها.

01البرمجة والوكلاء

توجيه التطوير بمساعدة الذكاء الاصطناعي

يقترح المساعد الحواري إجابة، بينما يستطيع الوكيل تسلسل قراءة الملفات وتعديلها وتشغيل الأدوات. وتغيّر هذه القدرة تنظيم العمل: يجب تحديد الأفعال المسموحة وحفظ سجلّ وتقييم الحل الناتج.

من الحاجة إلى المواصفات

تحديد المستخدمين والبيانات اللازمة والوظائف المتوقعة ومتطلبات إمكانية الوصول. وتقسيم التعديلات إلى وحدات مفهومة يتيح مناقشة الحل واستئناف العمل دون فقدان منطقه.

سياق المشروع وبنيته

يعتمد اتساق الأداة على الملفات والتبعيات وبنية البيانات والقرارات السابقة. وقد تكون الشيفرة مقنعة محلياً لكنها غير ملائمة لبقية المشروع؛ لذلك يحتاج المساعد إلى هذا السياق.

تصحيح الأخطاء والمراجعة والصيانة

قراءة الخطأ وإعادة إنتاج المشكلة وتفسير سببها وتصحيح الجزء المعني. وتهمّ قابلية الصيانة بقدر التشغيل الفوري: أسماء واضحة وتوثيق وإصدارات وإمكانية التراجع عن التعديل.

ضبط استقلالية الوكلاء

مواءمة صلاحيات الوصول والأفعال ونقاط القرار مع أهمية المهمة. فالوكيل الذي يتصرف في ملفات أو بيانات أو خدمات يحتاج إلى إشراف أكبر من مجرد اقتراح نصي.

Bengio et al. (2026)

موثوقية الشيفرة العلمية

فحص الوحدات والقيم المفقودة والتحويلات والافتراضات. وتساعد الأمثلة المعروفة والفحوص المستهدفة وقابلية إعادة الإنتاج على تقييم سلوك البرنامج والمعنى العلمي لمخرجاته.

قياس القيمة المنتجة

تختلف الإنتاجية باختلاف المهمة والخبرة والأداة. وتدعو دراسة METR لعام 2025 وتحديثها المنهجي في 2026 إلى التمييز بين الإحساس بالسرعة والجودة والمكاسب المقاسة.

Becker et al. (2025) · METR (2026)

عدد أسطر الشيفرة المولّدة مؤشر ضعيف. ما يهمّني هو أداة مفيدة ومفهومة وميسّرة وقابلة للتطوير.

02.1 · التنفيذ

نقل المعارف والتنفيذ

تيسير تداول المعارف بين الأشخاص وأوساط الممارسة والبحث، ثم فحص ما تتيح تغييره فعلًا.

02نقل المعارف والتنفيذ

03 · التنفيذ

نقل المعارف والتنفيذ

تيسير تداول المعارف بين الأشخاص وأوساط الممارسة والبحث، ثم فحص ما تتيح تغييره فعلًا.

في أطروحتي، ترافق تعبئةُ المعارف البحثَ: فهي ليست دراسة تنفيذ ولا تقييمًا لسياسة.

موارد

تكوين مكتملMobilizeU، تعبئة المعارف · Research Impact Canada وYork University (جامعة يورك)، 2026 · اعرف المزيد

خمس مراحل

نقل المعارف والتنفيذخمس مراحل

بناء السؤال مع الأوساط المعنية

تبدأ كل شيء بالاستماع: تحديد احتياجات الأطراف والقرارات التي يجب إضاءتها مع هذه الأطراف، ثم تحديد من يشارك، متى، وبما يحمل من تأثير. تتجاهل خطط النقل غالبًا معرفة الجمهور الدقيقة (Tchameni Ngamo et al., 2016)؛ بينما تدمج تطبيق المعرفة المتكاملة المستخدمين للنتائج منذ صياغة السؤال (Jull et al., 2017). يوجه هذا اللقاء الأول الاحترام والملاءمة والتكافؤ والمسؤولية (Kirkness & ; Barnhardt, 1991).

الاحتياجاتالمشاركة

تستلهم هذه المراحل الخمس نموذجَ «من المعرفة إلى العمل» (Graham et al., 2006) وإطارَ Ward (2017).

يربط كل محور الأدبياتِ العلمية بممارستي.

ثمانية محاور لتعبئة المعارفالأدبيات العلمية

تداول المعارف في الاتجاهين

تُمكين المعرفة، يعني إحداث تدفق للمعرفة من البحث إلى البيئات، كما من البيئات والأشخاص إلى البحث. يميز نموذج المعرفة إلى العمل بين إنشاء المعرفة ودورها في التطبيق: تحديد المشكلة، وإعداد المعرفة للسياق، وتحديد العقبات، ودعم ثم متابعة استخدامها (Graham et al., 2006). خمسة أسئلة تنظيمية تُنظم هذه العملية، أي ما يجب نقله، من قبل من، إلى من، كيف، وما هو التأثير، ونبدأ أولاً بجمع مجموعات من الأدلة بدل دراسة منفصلة (Grimshaw et al., 2012). يمنح توسط المعرفة هذا العمل الوجه الذي له (Munerol et al., 2013).

Graham et al. (2006)Grimshaw et al. (2012)Ward et al. (2012)Munerol et al. (2013)

في أطروحتي: خطة لتعبئة المعارف

لماذا، وماذا، ولِمَن، وكيف

يبني إطار Ward الخطة حول أربعة أسئلة: تحديد «ماذا» و«لماذا» و«مَن» قبل اختيار «كيف»، والصيغ، والقنوات.

(Ward, 2017)

من المعارف إلى العمل

يؤطّر نموذج «من المعرفة إلى العمل» إنتاجَ المعارف وتكييفها وإيصالها ومتابعتها، دون الادعاء بضمان تبنّيها المستدام.

(Graham et al., 2006)

شراكات قائمة على المبادئ الأربعة (4R)

يوجّه الاحترامُ والملاءمةُ والمعاملةُ بالمثل والمسؤوليةُ الشراكاتِ مع المرضى والأوساط المعنية، استنادًا إلى إطار إشراك المرضى الصادر عن IRSC (المعاهد الكندية لأبحاث الصحة).

(Kirkness & Barnhardt, 1991 ; IRSC, 2014 ; Bowen & Graham, 2013)

حوار تداولي

يحوّل حوارٌ مع فرق SAD وشركائها نماذجَ المسارات والخرائطَ إلى معالم مكيّفة مع السياق، مع إعادة النتائج إلى المشاركين. ويُبلَّغ عن المشاركة وفق قائمة GRIPP2.

(Boyko et al., 2012 ; Lavis et al., 2009 ; Staniszewska et al., 2017)

تتبّع الإسهام لا الإسناد

تتيح أربعة مؤشرات (الإنتاج، والانتشار، والتملّك، والاستخدام الموثّق) وسجلٌّ للمتابعة تقديرَ الإسهام المعقول للبحث، دون أن تُنسَب إليه التغييرات اللاحقة.

(Morton, 2015)

مرجعيات في علم التنفيذ

CFIR 2.0

فحص السياق والمحددات التي تيسّر التنفيذ أو تعيقه.

(Damschroder et al., 2022)

نتائج التنفيذ

التمييز بين القبول، والتبنّي، والملاءمة، والجدوى، والأمانة، والكلفة، والانتشار، والاستدامة.

(Proctor et al., 2011)

أثر البحث

ترسم أطر الأثر في الغالب طريق الذهاب، من البحث نحو الممارسة؛ وتتساءل أعمالي أيضًا عن طريق العودة.

(Greenhalgh et al., 2016 ; Brownson et al., 2026)

مقاربة الإسهامات

ربط المخرجات بالاستخدامات، ثم بالتغييرات الموثّقة، مع فحص التأثيرات الأخرى الممكنة.

(Morton, 2015 ; Bayley & Phipps, 2019)

الإنتاج المشترك والتطبيق المتكامل

تتوقف آليات الإنتاج المشترك على البنية التحتية ووضوح الأدوار وتقاسم السلطة؛ ولتكاليفها أيضًا وزنها.

(Graham et al., 2019 ; Kothari et al., 2025 ; Oliver et al., 2019)

علم تنفيذ نقدي

التنظير بدلًا من تطبيق الأطر كما لو كانت قوائم تحقق.

(Kislov et al., 2019)

المشاركة والتداول

تصميم عمليات المشاركة العامة وتقييمها بحيث تترك أثرًا يدل على تأثيرها.

(Abelson et al., 2003 ; OCDE, 2022)

لماذا التنفيذ

إثبات فعالية ابتكارٍ ما لا يكفي لضمان تبنّيه.

(Bauer & Kirchner, 2020)

استراتيجيات التنفيذ

تقدّم مجموعة ERIC مفردات مشتركة تضم 73 استراتيجية لوصف الاستراتيجيات المعتمدة واختيارها والإبلاغ عنها.

(Powell et al., 2015)

التدخلات المعقّدة

يصبح التنفيذ مرحلة قائمة بذاتها، يتوسّطها السياق ونظرية البرنامج والأطراف المعنية.

(Skivington et al., 2021)

التنفيذ لدى كبار السن

في كيبيك، يُلقي تنفيذُ مرافقةٍ مواطنية لدعم المشاركة الاجتماعية لكبار السن الضوءَ على الشروط الحاسمة.

(Gobeil et al., 2023)

المراجع (APA)
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02.2 · نقل المعرفة

«العمل مع الناس» لا «العمل من أجلهم»

ستة عشر مفهومًا لفهم الروابط بين الأشخاص وإنتاج المعارف وتحويل الأنظمة. يُعرَّف كل مفهوم، ويُربط بمقاربتي، ويُدعَم بمراجع علمية أو مؤسسية وفق تنسيق APA.

01الأشخاص والقدرة على الفعل

الأشخاص والقدرة على الفعل

تقرير المصير

أن يكون الشخص فاعلًا في حياته: يختار ويقرر ويسعى إلى أهداف ذات معنى بالنسبة إليه. ويتطلب ذلك فرصًا فعلية للاختيار، والاعتراف بالتفضيلات، ودعمًا ملائمًا لقدرات الشخص وسياقه.

في مقاربتي

في المساندة التربوية والتفكير في اختيار مكان العيش، دعم تفضيلات الشخص وإمكاناته للفعل.

للتوضيح. يصف نموذج ويمير الوظيفي السلوك المحدَّد ذاتيًا؛ أما نظرية رايان وديسي فتتناول الدافعية وحاجات الاستقلالية والكفاءة والانتماء.

المراجع (APA)
  1. Lachapelle, Y., Wehmeyer, M. L., Haelewyck, M.-C., Courbois, Y., Keith, K. D., Schalock, R., Verdugo, M. A., & Walsh, P. N. (2005). The relationship between quality of life and self-determination: An international study. Journal of Intellectual Disability Research, 49(10), 740–744. https://doi.org/10.1111/j.1365-2788.2005.00743.x
  2. Ryan, R. M., & Deci, E. L. (2000). Self-determination theory and the facilitation of intrinsic motivation, social development, and well-being. American Psychologist, 55(1), 68–78. https://doi.org/10.1037/0003-066X.55.1.68
  3. Wehmeyer, M. L. (2005). Self-determination and individuals with severe disabilities: Re-examining meanings and misinterpretations. Research and Practice for Persons with Severe Disabilities, 30(3), 113–120. https://doi.org/10.2511/rpsd.30.3.113

التمكين والقدرة على الفعل

تنمية الإمكان الفعلي للشخص أو الجماعة للتأثير فيما يهمّهم. يربط هذا المسار بين المهارات والموارد والحقوق والاعتراف والوصول إلى مساحات اتخاذ القرار.

في مقاربتي

تصميم أدوات تحافظ على خيارات المستخدمين، وفحص العوائق الاجتماعية والتنظيمية التي تحدّ منها.

للتوضيح. للتمكين أبعاد فردية وجماعية وبنيوية؛ ويهمّ الوصول إلى الموارد إلى جانب الاستعدادات الشخصية.

المراجع (APA)
  1. Le Bossé, Y. (2003). De l’« habilitation » au « pouvoir d’agir » : vers une appréhension plus circonscrite de la notion d’empowerment. Nouvelles pratiques sociales, 16(2), 30–51. https://doi.org/10.7202/009841ar
  2. Rappaport, J. (1987). Terms of empowerment/exemplars of prevention: Toward a theory for community psychology. American Journal of Community Psychology, 15(2), 121–148. https://doi.org/10.1007/BF00919275

المشاركة الفاعلة

إشراك الأشخاص في الأسئلة والقرارات التي تخصّهم، وتوفير وسائل مساهمتهم: معلومات مفهومة، ووقت، وإتاحة، واعتراف بالمساهمات. وقد يشمل تأثيرهم تحديد الاحتياجات والبدائل والخيارات والتقييم.

في مقاربتي

في العمل بالشراكة، توضيح من يشارك ومتى، وكيف تؤثر المساهمات في القرارات.

للتوضيح. تختلف درجات التأثير بين الاستشارة والتعاون واتخاذ القرار المشترك. ويساعد توضيح هذا التأثير على تقدير نطاق المشاركة.

المراجع (APA)
  1. Arnstein, S. R. (1969). A ladder of citizen participation. Journal of the American Institute of Planners, 35(4), 216–224. https://doi.org/10.1080/01944366908977225
  2. Carman, K. L., Dardess, P., Maurer, M., Sofaer, S., Adams, K., Bechtel, C., & Sweeney, J. (2013). Patient and family engagement: A framework for understanding the elements and developing interventions and policies. Health Affairs, 32(2), 223–231. https://doi.org/10.1377/hlthaff.2012.1133

الإنصاف

إيجاد شروط أكثر عدلًا للوصول إلى الموارد والمشاركة والصحة، مع مراعاة الاحتياجات والعوائق. يعالج الإنصاف أوجه الحرمان القابلة للتجنب وغير العادلة التي تحدّ من تحقيق القدرات والإرادة.

في مقاربتي

في قيمي وتأملاتي في الصحة العامة، مراعاة الظروف الاجتماعية وأشكال الدعم التي تجعل الخيارات فعلية.

للتوضيح. قد تلزم أشكال مختلفة من الدعم حتى يتمكن الجميع من ممارسة قدراتهم وتجسيد خياراتهم.

المراجع (APA)
  1. Braveman, P., & Gruskin, S. (2003). Defining equity in health. Journal of Epidemiology & Community Health, 57(4), 254–258. https://doi.org/10.1136/jech.57.4.254
  2. World Health Organization. (2024). Achieving well-being: A global framework for integrating well-being into public health utilizing a health promotion approach. https://iris.who.int/handle/10665/376200

02.3 · التدريس

التدريس من أجل الفهم والحكم المستقل والعمل مع الآخرين

يمتد طموحي الأكاديمي من سؤال يرافق مساري في التربية المتخصصة: كيف نهيئ الظروف التي تمكّن الإنسان من تنمية قدراته وممارسة حكمه والمشاركة في عمل جماعي؟ في الصحة العامة، يربط هذا السؤال بين التمكن من المعرفة والانتباه إلى الخبرات الإنسانية وتحمل مسؤولية القرارات. وأرغب في جعله خيطًا ناظمًا لتدريسي.

01رؤية التدريس

تكوين أشخاص قادرين على فهم المواقف والمشاركة فيها

المعرفة قدرة على الفهم والفعل

يتجاوز التدريس الجامعي تنظيم محتوى يُطلب من الطلبة استعادته. فهو يتيح الوصول إلى معرفة متينة وتاريخها والمناهج التي تسمح بمناقشتها. أريد أن يتمكن الطلبة من شرح كيفية التوصل إلى استنتاج، وما يتيح تأكيده، وما يبقى غير يقيني. ويكتسب المفهوم قيمة تعليمية عندما يغيّر قراءة موقف: مثل التعرف إلى محدد اجتماعي، أو إظهار خيار تنظيمي، أو فهم اختلاف آثار تدخل ما باختلاف الأشخاص.

استنادًا إلى تمييز بيستا بين التأهيل والتنشئة الاجتماعية وتكوين الذات، أرى ثلاث مسؤوليات متكاملة: نقل المعارف والقدرات، وتيسير الدخول إلى جماعة ممارسة، ودعم قدرة الشخص على تحديد موقعه فيها بوصفه فاعلًا مستقلًا. وتكوين مهني كفء يقتضي أيضًا تمكينه من مساءلة معايير مجاله، وتعليل اختلافه، وتحمل تبعات فعله.

سلطة تربوية تجعل الاستدلال مفهومًا

يتمثل دوري المنشود في تنظيم التدرج وتوضيح المتطلبات والتصريح بمعايير الاستدلال المتين. وتستند مشاركة الطلبة إلى هذا الإطار. فالحوار المثمر يحتاج إلى معرفة وتحضير وقواعد تسمح بمناقشة الحجج مع احترام الأشخاص. أريد شرح اختياراتي التربوية، واستقبال الاعتراضات، والاعتراف بحدود معرفتي أو بخطأ. وتستمد السلطة الجامعية مشروعيتها من مسؤولية معلنة وإمكان مناقشة أسباب قراراتها.

يقدم فريري وbell hooks مداخل لفهم علاقة تحتل فيها خبرة الطلبة مكانًا ويشمل التعلم علاقتهم بالعالم. وأستخلص منهما ضرورة إفساح المجال للتعبير مع إخضاع الادعاءات للفحص. فقد تكشف تجربة معيشة سؤالًا حاسمًا؛ لكن الادعاء التجريبي يحتاج بعد ذلك إلى مصادر ومناهج مناسبة. احترام الشخص ومناقشة صلاحية مقولته جزءان من العمل التربوي نفسه.

مراجع هذا التأمل : Biesta (2009) · Freire (2018) · hooks (1994)

02.4 · التبسيط العلمي

مشاركة المعارف وتيسير الفهم وفتح الحوار

أريد أن يكون التبسيط العلمي مساحة يفهم فيها كل شخص سؤالًا ويفحص أسباب ادعاء ويشارك في النقاش. ويغذي مساري في التربية المتخصصة والقانون والإدارة والصحة العامة اهتمامًا مشتركًا: وصل المعرفة الدقيقة بالمواقف المعيشة، مع الحفاظ على عدم اليقين وتنوع وجهات النظر. يجمع هذا القسم رؤية وشروحًا بصرية وأمثلة لصيغ تواصل وموارد للممارسة.

صيغ متكاملة بمعيار مشترك

منشور متتابع: تدرج بصري

فيديو: إظهار آلية

بودكاست: حوار المنظورات

01الرؤية والجمهور

جعل العلم قابلًا للنقاش ومفيدًا للحياة المشتركة

الفهم والتموضع والمشاركة

لا يوفر الوصول إلى المعلومة تلقائيًا وسائل تفسيرها. أريد شرح كيفية بناء المعرفة، وما تغيّره في فهم المشكلة، وما تتركه مفتوحًا. وأطمح إلى تمكين الناس من طرح سؤال أدق والتعرف إلى حدّ ووضع قرار في سياقه. قد يفتح الفضول باب اللقاء، ويمنحه الوصول إلى المصادر وإمكان مناقشة الأسباب عمقًا.

العمل مع الجمهور

تدعوني خبرتي في التربية المتخصصة إلى الانطلاق من قدرات الناس وقيودهم ومشروعاتهم. فقد يقترب مقدم رعاية أسري وطالب وناشط جمعوي من الموضوع نفسه بأسئلة مختلفة. أريد أن تساعد هذه الخبرات في اختيار المدخل وكشف مشكلات قد يحجبها الخطاب المؤسسي. ويتطلب هذا الحوار وقتًا وإنصاتًا وبيانًا لما أُخذ في الاعتبار.

مسؤولية الربط بين المنظورات

يشمل التواصل في الصحة بيانات وخبرات وخيارات جماعية. وأريد التمييز بينها: تضيء الشهادة خبرة محددة؛ وتجيب الدراسة عن سؤال في ظروف معينة؛ ويستند القرار كذلك إلى قيم وقيود. ويساعد الحوار بينها على فهم الخلافات. وهذا يقتضي توضيح دوري ومصادري والمصالح المحتملة، وإظهار التصحيح عندما يصبح لازمًا.

أربع صور للعلاقة مع الجمهور

الشرح

إتاحة معرفة للجمهور.

تشرح مادة قصيرة معنى الاحتياجات الاجتماعية المتزامنة.

الحوار

تبادل الأسئلة والمعارف والاعتراضات.

يكشف لقاء صعوبات الانتقال بين خدمات مختلفة.

البناء المشترك

تقاسم اختيارات المحتوى أو العملية.

يساهم الأشخاص المعنيون في اختيار الأمثلة والأسئلة.

المداولة

فحص الخيارات ونتائجها معًا.

تقارن ورشة استجابات ممكنة لمشكلة تنظيمية.

تخدم هذه الصور أهدافًا مختلفة ويمكن الجمع بينها. ودعوة الناس إلى التعليق لا تكفي لتقاسم القرار؛ يجب توضيح ما هو مفتوح فعلًا للمشاركة.

للتعمق : National Academies (2017) · NCCPE · Public engagement · UNESCO (2021) · Open science

03.1 · السيرة

من التجارب الإنسانية إلى التحولات الجماعية

مربٍّ متخصص وقانوني ورائد أعمال وطالب دكتوراه في الصحة العامة، تشكّل مساري في ملتقى عوالم مختلفة: مرافقة الأشخاص، وإدارة المنظمات، والقانون، والسياسات العامة، والبحث.

وخلف هذا التنوع يكمن طموح واحد: فهم الآليات التي تشكّل المسارات الفردية والجماعية، للإسهام في بناء مجتمعات أكثر عدلًا وتضامنًا، وقادرة على الاعتراف بإمكانات الفعل لدى كل فرد.

ويغذّي مساري، الشخصي والمهني على حد سواء، قناعةً راسخة: لا يمكن فصل الواقع الإنساني عن الأنظمة الاجتماعية والتنظيمية والسياسية التي يندرج فيها.

ويتبع هذا المسار دينامية تصاعدية: من مرافقة الأشخاص نحو تحويل المنظمات وسياسات الصحة والخدمات الاجتماعية، مع توجّه واضح نحو دعم القرار العمومي.

لا يمكن فصل الواقع الإنساني عن الأنظمة الاجتماعية والتنظيمية والسياسية التي يندرج فيها.
  1. 01

    بناء الذات خارج المسارات التقليدية

    بدأ مساري في فرنسا، في وسط شعبي، طبعته على وجه الخصوص تجربةٌ مع نظام الرعاية الاجتماعية للطفولة وانقطاعٌ عن الدراسة في سن السادسة عشرة.

    وبعيدًا عن المسار الأكاديمي التقليدي، بنيتُ مساري تدريجيًا من خلال العمل، واستكشاف أوساط مختلفة، والعودة إلى الدراسة.

    وقد غذّت هذه التجارب، شأنها شأن تنوّعي العصبي، استقلاليةَ تفكيري وقدرتي على التكيّف واهتمامي بآليات إعادة الإنتاج الاجتماعي والتحرر والتضامن. وهي تسهم اليوم في تشكيل نظرتي إلى المؤسسات وإلى تنوع التجارب الإنسانية.

  2. 02

    الإبداع واللقاء وأخلاقيات الرعاية

    قادني اهتمامي بالموسيقى إلى الالتحاق بدراسة الليسانس في علم الموسيقى، بالتوازي مع تجاربي الأولى في التنشيط، ثم إلى تولّي مسؤولية إقامات مكيّفة لفائدة أشخاص في وضعية إعاقة.

    وبعيدًا عن اختلافاتها، أتاحت لي هذه العوالم استكشاف العلاقات الإنسانية في أبعاد متعددة: التعبير الفردي، والحياة الجماعية، والمرافقة، والمسؤولية تجاه الآخر.

    وعلى امتداد إحدى عشرة سنة من الالتزام إلى جانب الهشاشة الإنسانية، منحت هذه التجارب تدريجيًا مكانةً محورية لأخلاقيات الرعاية، وللاعتراف بالقدرات الفردية، ولأهمية مرافقةٍ تعزّز الاستقلالية بدلًا من التبعية. كما أظهرت لي قوة آليات التضامن.

  3. 03

    من المرافقة إلى تقرير المصير

    بعد سنوات عديدة من العمل الميداني، رغبتُ في إعطاء توجّه جديد لنشاطي المهني، مسترشدًا بتفكير في المنفعة الاجتماعية وفي المكانة التي أردتُ أن أشغلها في المجتمع.

    فعدتُ إلى الدراسة في التربية المتخصصة لتعميق الأسس النظرية والأخلاقية والمنهجية للمرافقة في القطاعين الاجتماعي والطبي الاجتماعي، مع إعادة تركيز ممارستي على تقرير المصير وعلى «العمل مع» الأشخاص.

    وقد شكّلت رسالتي في الممارسة المهنية، المخصّصة لتأثير الممارسات التربوية في تقرير المصير، منعطفًا في تساؤلاتي: كيف نعزّز حرية الأشخاص في الاختيار حين تكون شروط مرافقتهم محكومةً أيضًا بطريقة عمل المؤسسات؟

  4. 04

    فهم المنظمات لتحويل الممارسات

    قادني هذا التساؤل إلى توسيع تفكيري ليشمل المنظمات ذاتها.

    فتابعتُ تكوينًا في إدارة المؤسسات الصحية والطبية الاجتماعية وتسييرها، إلى جانب دبلوم جامعي في ريادة الأعمال من IAE de Brest (معهد إدارة الأعمال في بريست)، حصلتُ عليه سنة 2024.

    وفيهما عمّقتُ قضايا الإدارة والتمويل والتنسيق والموارد البشرية وإدارة التغيير. ولاحظتُ أن صعوبات المؤسسات، من التمويل إلى العمل الشراكي فالتوظيف، كانت مشروطةً إلى حد بعيد بالسياسات العامة للصحة.

    وقد سعيتُ قبل كل شيء إلى فهم الشروط التي تمكّن المهنيين من ترجمة نواياهم إلى ممارسات فعلية، وتمكّن المنظمات من التوفيق بين قيودها واحتياجات الأشخاص.

  5. 05

    من طريقة عمل المؤسسات إلى حوكمة الأنظمة الصحية

    قادتني دراسة المنظمات إلى استكشاف الآليات التي توجّه قراراتها: الأطر القانونية، والسياسات العامة، والتخطيط، وآليات التمويل، وأنماط الحوكمة.

    وواصلتُ هذا التفكير في Université Paris-Panthéon-Assas (جامعة باريس بانتيون أساس)، في القانون العام والصحي والاجتماعي، لتجاوز الإشكاليات التسييرية واعتماد مقاربة متعددة المستويات للنظام الصحي وللأدوات القانونية للتضامن الوطني، ثم بصفتي مكلّفًا بالمشاريع في Agence nationale d’appui à la performance (الوكالة الوطنية لدعم الأداء، ANAP).

    وأتاحت لي هذه التجربة العمل عند نقطة التقاء التوجهات الوطنية بالواقع التشغيلي، عبر ترجمة هذه التوجهات إلى آليات ملموسة، على تماسّ مع القضايا التي يواجهها المسيّرون والمهنيون ومستخدمو النظام الصحي.

    وقد عزّزت اهتمامي بصعوبات تنفيذ السياسات العامة، ولا سيما حين تقتضي الاستجابات المطلوبة تجاوزَ الحدود بين المنظمات وقطاعات التدخل. وقد كشف هذا الانغماس، الذي عزّزته رسالة بحث، عن صعوبات تنفيذ نماذج الرعاية والخدمات المتكاملة، وعن ضرورة مقاربة مشتركة بين القطاعات ومتعددة التخصصات في مواجهة الممارسات المنعزلة. فتواصلتُ حينها مع عدد من الباحثين في كيبيك، وعرضتُ عليهم ملاحظاتي ومشروعًا لمقارنة الأنظمة الصحية، بحثًا عن حلول لصعوبات تنفيذ سياسات البقاء في المنزل.

  6. 06

    إنتاج المعارف لإنارة العمل الجماعي

    واليوم، يواصل هذا المسارَ برنامجُ الدكتوراه في الصحة العامة الذي أتابعه في Université de Montréal (جامعة مونتريال)، تحت إشراف الدكتورتين N. Sourial وG. Layani.

    وتتناول أعمالي تنظيم أنظمة الصحة والخدمات الاجتماعية، والاحتياجات الاجتماعية للسكان، والتعاون بين القطاعات، وشروط تنفيذ استجابات متكاملة، لا سيما في مجال الدعم المنزلي.

    ومقاربتي متعددة التخصصات وبراغماتية بامتياز. وهي تسعى إلى التقريب بين التجارب المعيشة والمعارف العلمية وواقع صنع القرار، لفهم الظواهر المدروسة على نحو أفضل والإسهام في تحويل الممارسات والسياسات العامة.

    وأولي اهتمامًا خاصًا للفئات السكانية التي تعاني فقدان الاستقلالية والبعيدة عن الخدمات، وللبحث التشاركي الذي يُدمج المرضى بوصفهم منتجين للمعارف، ولنقل المعارف وتعبئتها من قِبل الأشخاص والمهنيين والمنظمات وصنّاع القرار.

    وتمتد هذه الرغبة في الإبداع والتجريب والاقتراح أيضًا إلى ريادة الأعمال، ولا سيما من خلال تطوير OWNNIGHT، وهو مشروع قيد الإنشاء.

رؤية تربط بين التجارب والمعارف والعمل

أومن بأن المعارف الأكاديمية والمهنية والمعارف النابعة من التجربة تكسب من مقابلة بعضها ببعض بدلًا من ترتيبها في تسلسل هرمي.

وقد أتاح لي مساري اكتشاف طبقات مختلفة من المجتمع ومن النظام الصحي، وشغل مواقع متنوعة فيها، وملاحظة تفاعلاتها. وتشكّل هذه التعددية في وجهات النظر اليوم أحد موارد مسعاي العلمي.

يمثّل البحث بالنسبة إليّ أداةً للفهم، ولكنه أيضًا أداة للتحرر الإنساني وللعدالة الاجتماعية ولدعم القرار الجماعي. وتكمن قيمته في صرامة المعارف المنتَجة بقدر ما تكمن في قدرتها على إثراء النقاش، وإنارة الخيارات، ودعم تنفيذها.

ويندرج هذا البحث ضمن أهداف التنمية المستدامة للأمم المتحدة: تحسين رفاه كبار السن، والحد من أوجه عدم المساواة في البقاء في المنزل، وتعزيز مؤسسات شاملة وخاضعة للمساءلة. وعلى المدى البعيد، أطمح إلى أن أصبح باحثًا مستقلًا، معروفًا بالتزامه بالربط بين البيّنات العلمية والحوار بين الأطراف المعنية وتبسيط العلوم للجمهور العريض.

الفضول الفكري، والصمود، والاستقلالية، والحس النقدي، والبناء المشترك، وجرأة المبادرة: قيمٌ تسري في مساري كله.

وأرغب في مواصلة هذا الاستكشاف عند ملتقى التخصصات والأوساط، مقتنعًا بأن الاستجابة لتحديات الصحة العامة المعاصرة تقتضي إقامة الحوار بين الأشخاص والمعارف والمؤسسات.

Ad astra per aspera: عبر الدروب الوعرة إلى النجوم.

03.2 · المسار

المؤهلات والخبرات

من الميدان إلى السياسات الصحية

من التربية المتخصصة إلى الدكتوراه: الشهادات والمناصب والتكوينات التي طبعت هذا المسار.

التعليم المستمر · 2026

  • السلوك المسؤول في البحث · CRCHUM
  • ممارسة مهام المساعد البحثي · Université de Montréal
  • MobilizeU، تعبئة المعارف · Research Impact Canada وYork University

شهادات فرنسية جرى تقييمها من قِبل وزارة الهجرة والفرنسة والإدماج في كيبيك (MIFI) ومن قِبل WES Canada.

  1. جارٍ
    ريادة الأعمال

    إنشاء OWNNIGHT · رائد أعمال

    تطبيق Android للعافية والتثقيف في مجال النوم: خطة فردية، ودروس، وجلسات موجَّهة.

  2. منذ 2025
    التعليم

    دكتوراه في الصحة العامة · ESPUM (كندا)

    كلية الصحة العامة بجامعة مونتريال (École de santé publique de l’Université de Montréal، ESPUM)، كندا؛ متدرّب بحثي في مركز أبحاث مستشفى جامعة مونتريال (Centre de recherche du CHUM، CRCHUM).

    المعدل التراكمي: 4.1

  3. خريف 2026
    الخبرة المهنية

    مساعد تدريس · SPU 7001 وASA 6754 وASA 6765

    Université de Montréal.

  4. شتاء 2026
    الخبرة المهنية

    مساعد تدريس · ASA 6754

    النظام الصحي وصحة السكان، Université de Montréal: مرافقة الطلاب، وتصحيح الامتحانات الكتابية والشفوية.

  5. 2025
    التعليم

    ماجستير في القانون العام، تخصص قانون الصحة والقانون الاجتماعي

    القانون العام والقانون الاجتماعي وقانون الصحة · Université Paris-Panthéon-Assas، مع تنويه خاص من لجنة التحكيم.

  6. 2024–2025
    الخبرة المهنية

    مكلّف بمهمة في القطاع الطبي الاجتماعي · ANAP (فرنسا)

    Agence nationale d’appui à la performance (ANAP)، باريس (فرنسا): شبكة الخبراء، الندوات عبر الإنترنت، تحليل البيانات وتنشيط مجموعات الممارسة.

  7. 2024
    التعليم

    ماجستير في إدارة المؤسسات الطبية الاجتماعية · UBO (فرنسا)

    جامعة بريتاني الغربية (Université de Bretagne Occidentale، UBO)، فرنسا، مع تنويه خاص من لجنة التحكيم.

  8. 2024
    الخبرة المهنية

    تدريب إداري في EHPAD · Fondation Ildys

    مؤسسة Fondation Ildys، لانديرنو (فرنسا). EHPAD (établissement d’hébergement pour personnes âgées dépendantes) مؤسسة لإيواء كبار السن المحتاجين للمساعدة، تعادل مركز الرعاية طويلة الأجل CHSLD في كيبيك؛ تدريب مع الإدارة.

  9. 2024
    التعليم

    دبلوم جامعي في ريادة الأعمال والإدارة

    IAE de Brest (Institut d’administration des entreprises)، فرنسا، مع تنويه خاص من لجنة التحكيم.

  10. 2023
    التعليم

    دبلوم الدولة للمربي المتخصص

    Académie de Rennes (الأكاديمية التعليمية لرين).

  11. 2020–2023
    الخبرة المهنية

    مربٍّ متخصص

    دار إيواء، Adapei 35، سان مالو: تقييم الاحتياجات، والبناء المشترك للمشاريع الفردية، وتنسيق فريق متعدد التخصصات.

  12. 2016–2024
    الخبرة المهنية

    مسؤول عن عطلات مكيّفة وإقامات راحة للأشخاص ذوي الإعاقة

    بريست (فرنسا): تنظيم عطلات مكيّفة وإقامات راحة، وإدارة المشاريع التربوية والفرق والميزانيات واللوجستيات.

03.3 · المسار

قانوني في قانون الصحة والقانون الاجتماعي

تكوّنتُ في القانون الصحي والاجتماعي بجامعة باريس-بانتيون-أساس (ماستر، مع تنويه خاص من لجنة التحكيم)، وأحلّل البيئة القانونية للمؤسسات والمهنيين والسياسات الصحية، من حقوق الأشخاص إلى المنازعات.

قانون الصحة والحماية الاجتماعية

  • القضايا الكبرى لقانون الصحة
  • اقتصاد الصحة وسياساتها
  • حقوق المرضى والأشخاص المستضعفين
  • قانون الضمان الاجتماعي
  • قانون المساعدة والعمل الاجتماعيين
  • قانون الإعاقة وفقدان الاستقلالية

تنظيم المؤسسات والخدمات

  • التخطيط ونظام التراخيص
  • تفتيش المؤسسات والخدمات ومراقبتها
  • التعاون والتعاقد
  • التقييم وأنماط التمويل

تسيير المؤسسات والخدمات

  • حوكمة المؤسسات الصحية
  • حوكمة المؤسسات والخدمات الاجتماعية والطبية الاجتماعية
  • التسعير والتسيير المالي والمحاسبي
  • قانون المهن الصحية
  • تسيير الموظفين وأنظمتهم الأساسية

المسؤوليات والمنازعات

  • منازعات الضمان الاجتماعي والمساعدة والعمل الاجتماعيين
  • المسؤولية والمنازعات الإدارية
  • المسؤولية والمنازعات المدنية
  • المسؤولية والمنازعات الجزائية

قانون العمل

  • قانون العمل
  • قانون العمل الخاص بالقطاع الاجتماعي والطبي الاجتماعي
  • تسيير الموارد البشرية وعلاقات العمل

أعمال قانونية

  • مذكرة: «الشيخوخة في المنزل: واقع التحوّل نحو الرعاية المنزلية وتطبيقه. دراسة مقارنة بين فرنسا وكيبك»، بإشراف Benoît Apollis
  • مقالة فقهية قيد الإعداد: «الشيخوخة في المنزل على محكّ القانون: فعلية اختيار مكان العيش في القانونين الفرنسي والكيبكي»

03.4 · المسار

مسيّر للمؤسسات الاجتماعية والطبية الاجتماعية

تكوّنتُ في إدارة الهياكل الطبية الاجتماعية وخدمات الأشخاص بجامعة بريتاني الغربية (ماستر، مع تنويه خاص من لجنة التحكيم)، ومارستُ التسيير اليومي بصفتي مسؤولًا عن إقامات مكيّفة، ثم خلال تدريب في الإدارة بدار لرعاية المسنّين.

الاستراتيجية والمشاريع

  • التخطيط الاستراتيجي
  • مشروع المؤسسة ومشروع الخدمة
  • قيادة المشاريع وتسييرها
  • إدارة الجودة والتقييم

الإدارة والموارد البشرية

  • إدارة المنظمات
  • عيادة المنظمات
  • تسيير الموارد البشرية وكتلة الأجور
  • جداول العمل وإدارة الاجتماعات والتواصل الإداري

المالية والمحاسبة

  • التسيير المحاسبي
  • التسيير الميزاني والمالي (عقود الأهداف والوسائل، التوقعات)
  • المحاسبة العمومية والمالية المحلية
  • مبادئ التسعير

التمويل والشراكات

  • البحث عن التمويل والعمل الخيري
  • التعاون والتعاقد
  • السياسات الاجتماعية

معرفة القطاع

  • أنواع المؤسسات والخدمات الاجتماعية والطبية الاجتماعية
  • الإعاقة والمسنّون والخدمات المنزلية والعمل المحمي
  • الفرد والرابط الاجتماعي والهشاشة

الخبرة

  • مسؤول عن إقامات مكيّفة (2016–2024): الفرق والميزانية واللوجستيات ومشاريع الخدمة
  • تدريب إداري في EHPAD، Fondation Ildys، لانديرنو (فرنسا، 2024، يعادل CHSLD في كيبيك)
  • مكلّف بمهمة في الوكالة الوطنية لدعم الأداء ANAP (2024–2025)

03.5 · المسار

مربٍّ متخصص

حاصل على الشهادة الوطنية (أكاديمية رين، 2023)، رافقتُ أشخاصًا في وضعية إعاقة، منهم أشخاص مصابون بالتوحد، في دار إيواء وإقامات مكيّفة، انطلاقًا من قناعة: دعم تقريرهم لمصيرهم.

العلاقة التربوية المتخصصة

  • المرافقة الاجتماعية التربوية اليومية
  • علاقة تربوية تعزّز الاستقلالية
  • دعم تقرير المصير والتمكين

تصميم المشاريع وقيادتها

  • تقييم الاحتياجات والتطلعات
  • البناء المشترك للمشروع الشخصي
  • تنسيق المشاريع ومتابعتها

العمل الجماعي والتواصل

  • تنسيق فريق متعدد التخصصات
  • الكتابات المهنية والتسليم
  • العمل مع الأسر والمقرّبين

الشراكات والشبكات

  • الديناميات بين المؤسسات
  • الشراكات مع فاعلي الإقليم
  • تنسيق المسارات

المعارف الموظَّفة

  • علم نفس النمو وعلم النفس المرضي
  • الإعاقة والتوحد والشيخوخة
  • علم الاجتماع وقانون العمل الاجتماعي

الخبرة

  • مربٍّ متخصص في دار إيواء (Adapei 35، 2020–2023)
  • مسؤول عن إقامات مكيّفة (2016–2024)
  • مذكرة: مسار الحياة وتقرير المصير (2023)

الفئات المهنية المقابلة في كيبك

يعتمد تصنيف الوظيفة على المهام الفعلية والفئة المستفيدة. في خدمات الإقامة للأشخاص ذوي الإعاقة، قد تجمع المهام بين الدعم الاجتماعي اليومي والتعلّم التربوي المكيّف؛ ويوضح هذان الملفان المهنيان هذين البعدين.

CNP 42201 · الخدمات الاجتماعية والمجتمعية

الدعم النفسي الاجتماعي، وتيسير الوصول إلى الموارد، والمساندة في الحياة اليومية والمشاركة الاجتماعية. تشمل هذه الفئة وظائف تربوية متخصصة في الخدمات الاجتماعية والمجتمعية، ووظائف في دور الإقامة الجماعية.

الاطلاع على الملف المهني الرسمي

CNP 42203 · التعليم المكيّف والتأهيل

تدخلات تربوية للأشخاص ذوي الإعاقة تركّز على التواصل والتعلّم المكيّف والمهارات الاجتماعية والعملية والاستقلالية والتأهيل.

الاطلاع على الملف المهني الرسمي

المهارات المستخدمة في التدخل

  • التدخل لدى أشخاص يواجهون إشكاليات متنوعة (الصحة النفسية، الإدمان، اضطرابات اللغة، تنظيم الانفعالات)
  • تحديد العوائق المعرفية والاجتماعية والعاطفية
  • إعداد خطة تدخل تتضمن أهدافًا وإجراءات محددة
  • تقييم القيود والقدرات لتحديد أهداف التكيّف وإعادة التأهيل
  • مساعدة الأشخاص على اكتساب مهارات اجتماعية وعملية
  • التعاون مع مختصين آخرين (مستشارو إعادة التأهيل، أخصائيو النطق، أخصائيو العلاج الوظيفي)

الإنتاجات الرقمية

تطبيقات للتعلّم وللعناية بالذات

مشروعان رقميان انطلقا من احتياجات ملموسة: جعل المعارف مفيدة وميسّرة وقابلة للاستخدام في الحياة اليومية.

OWNNIGHT

علم نومك بين يديك.

مشروع ريادي قيد الإنجاز · Android

ما هو

تطبيق Android للعافية والتثقيف حول النوم، بالفرنسية والإنجليزية. يقدّم خطة فردية تتكيّف مع كل إجابة، ودروسًا قصيرة، وجلسات موجّهة، وأدوات لتهدئة الذهن، وطقسًا مسائيًا، وقصصًا مقروءة بصوت عالٍ.

الهدف

تمكين كل شخص من التأثير في نومه: أن يقيّم نومه بنفسه، ويفهم ما يجري ليلًا، ويتعلّم العناية به، بفضل تثقيف حول النوم قائم على العلاج المعرفي السلوكي للأرق.

الفجوة التي يسدّها

تبقى المرافقة القائمة على العلاج المعرفي السلوكي للأرق، وهو العلاج الأول للأرق، صعبة المنال، وكثير من التطبيقات تكتفي بقياس النوم دون المساعدة على فهمه، مع استغلال البيانات الشخصية. يراهن OWNNIGHT على التمكين: يتعلّم الشخص ويقيّم نفسه ويصبح فاعلًا في نومه. يبقى كل شيء على الهاتف، مشفّرًا ومن دون حساب.

الشاشة الرئيسية لـ OWNNIGHT: المساء وخطة الأسبوعدرس من OWNNIGHT: الساعة البيولوجية وضغط النومالمتابعة الأسبوعية في OWNNIGHT

تطبيقات Sphères

Épisphère وStatosphère: فهم علم الأوبئة والإحصاء وفق إيقاعك.

حاسوب وجهاز لوحي وهاتف · من دون اتصال

ما هو

تطبيقان تعليميان شقيقان، أحدهما لعلم الأوبئة والآخر للإحصاء. يعملان من دون اتصال على الحاسوب والجهاز اللوحي والهاتف: دروس مشروحة خطوة بخطوة، وشرائح مع تعليقات، وبطاقات ملخّصة، وأسئلة اختيار من متعدد مع تغذية راجعة، وبطاقات للحفظ، وتمارين مصحّحة، ومتابعة للتقدّم، مع مرشد مدمج اسمه Sigma.

الهدف

المساعدة على فهم المناهج بدل حفظها: تُشرح كل معادلة بما تفعله ثم تُقرأ خطوة بخطوة، وينظّم كل شخص مراجعته وفق احتياجاته.

الفجوة التي يسدّها

كثيرًا ما تُرهب المناهج الكمية القادمين من تخصصات أخرى، والموارد مبعثرة، غالبًا بالإنجليزية أو شديدة التقنية. تجمع Sphères كل شيء في مكان واحد، بالفرنسية، مع تدرّج ميسّر وشروح بلغة واضحة.

درس مشروح خطوة بخطوةسؤال اختيار من متعدد مع تغذية راجعةبطاقات للحفظ

برمجيات تعليمية

فهم المنهجيات من خلال الممارسة

بيئتان مستقلتان للقراءة والحساب والتدريب والتعلم من الأخطاء. الدروس والأسئلة متاحة حاليًا بالفرنسية.

Statosphère

الإحصاء الوصفي والاحتمالات والاستدلال والانحدار والرسوم السببية والتجارب والتدريب على R.

27 فصول1,544 أسئلة مع شرح الإجابات

بدء التطبيق في المتصفح ↗

Épisphère

مقاييس التواتر والارتباط وتصاميم الدراسات والتحيز والمعايرة والتحري والتجارب والبقاء والتقييم.

20 فصول2,100 أسئلة مع شرح الإجابات

بدء التطبيق في المتصفح ↗
  1. 01فهم المفهوم
  2. 02صياغة الحساب
  3. 03الإجابة والتفسير
  4. 04مراجعة الأخطاء

النسختان العامتان مستقلتان عن التطبيقات الشخصية. تشملان المفاهيم والدروس والصيغ والبطاقات والأسئلة، وتستخدم تمارين الحساب بيانات افتراضية جديدة. يُحفظ التقدم محليًا في هذا المتصفح.

03.7 · القيم

ما يوجّه ممارستي

ست قيم توجّه عملي، من الميدان إلى البحث.

الشعارAd astra per asperaعبر الدروب الوعرة إلى النجوم

01

التفكير النقدي

استكشاف تخصصات وطرق تفكير أخرى، ومقارنة الأفكار ومساءلة البديهيات والبيانات والمؤسسات، بدءًا بقناعاتنا الخاصة.

02

الصمود

تحويل المحن التي اجتزناها إلى مورد للمضي قدمًا.

03

الاستقلالية

التفكير باستقلال، ودعم قدرة كل فرد على اختيار مسار حياته.

04

البناء المشترك من أجل الصالح العام

العمل مع الناس لا من أجلهم: بحثٌ ذو أثر يُنجَز مع الناس ومن أجلهم.

05

جرأة الابتكار

الجرأة على الاقتراح والابتكار والإبداع وتنفيذ استجابات جديدة.

06

الإنصاف

تمكين الجميع، قدر الإمكان، من تنمية قدراتهم بالكامل وترجمة إرادتهم إلى واقع.

04.1 · الانخراط

التمثيل، والإسهام، والالتزام

حضور في الحياة الطلابية والعلمية، امتدادًا للمسار.

التمثيل الطلابي7

  • منذ 2026 · مستمر

    منسّق برنامج الدكتوراه في الصحة العامة · AÉÉSPUM

    منتخَب.

  • جارٍ

    تنسيق برنامج الإرشاد التضامني · برنامج الدكتوراه في الصحة العامة

    ESPUM، Université de Montréal.

  • جارٍ

    ممثل الطلاب في لجنة برنامج الدكتوراه في الصحة العامة

    ESPUM، Université de Montréal.

  • منذ 2026 · مستمر

    ممثل طلاب الدكتوراه · DGEPS

    Département de gestion, d’évaluation et de politique de santé (قسم الإدارة والتقييم والسياسات الصحية)، ESPUM.

  • شتاء 2026

    سفير Université de Montréal

  • 2022–2024

    ممثل منتخَب في مجلس إدارة CROUS (المركز الإقليمي للخدمات الجامعية والمدرسية)

    فرنسا.

  • 2021

    رئيس المكتب الإقليمي لطلاب العمل الاجتماعي في Askoria

    فرنسا.

04.2 · الانخراط

التمثيل، والإسهام، والالتزام

عضو طالب

Chaire de recherche GSK en gestion optimale des maladies chroniquesGroupe francophone en soins primaires (GFSP)Réseau québécois de recherche sur le vieillissement (RQRV)Canadian Association for Health Services and Policy Research (الجمعية الكندية لبحوث الخدمات والسياسات الصحية، CAHSPR)Centre de recherche en santé publique (CReSP)Centre de recherche du CISSS de Chaudière-AppalachesCentre interuniversitaire de recherche en analyse des organisations (CIRANO)

المجتمع العلمي2

  • جارٍ

    اللجنة العلمية الطلابية لمؤتمر AÉÉSPUM

    عضو.

  • يونيو 2026

    اللجنة العلمية ليوم الباحثين الناشئين في GFSP

    عضو طالب.

04.3 · الانخراط

التمثيل، والإسهام، والالتزام

المنح والجوائز4

  • 2026

    جائزة أفضل عرض بملصق، الدكتوراه وما بعد الدكتوراه

    يوم الباحثين الناشئين، Groupe francophone en soins primaires.

  • 2025
  • 2025

    منحة الاستقطاب الدولي

    الدراسات العليا وما بعد الدكتوراه، Université de Montréal.

  • 2023–2025

    ثلاثة تنويهات خاصة من لجان التحكيم

    التميّز الأكاديمي.

04.4 · الانخراط

التمثيل، والإسهام، والالتزام

المشاركة المدنية2

  • 2023

    رجل إطفاء متطوع

    Centre d’incendie et de secours de Dinard (مركز الإطفاء والإنقاذ في دينار)، فرنسا.

  • 2013

    العمل التطوعي والخدمة المدنية

    Association de la fondation étudiante pour la ville (جمعية المؤسسة الطلابية من أجل المدينة، AFEV)، فرنسا: تنسيق الطلاب المتطوعين ومرافقة شابة في مسارها الدراسي والثقافي.

04.5 · الانخراط

التمثيل، والإسهام، والالتزام

الرياضة والترفيه8

رسم لعدائين خياليين في باريس وقوس النصر في الخلفية
الرياضةممارسة الماراثونماراثون باريس 2025 و2026، وماراثون مونتريال 2026.صورة توضيحية · باريس
البيانو والتأليف الموسيقي والغيتار
الموسيقىالبيانو والتأليف الموسيقي والغيتار
هوكي الجليد
الرياضةهوكي الجليد
تطوير الأدوات الرقمية
البرمجةتطوير الأدوات الرقمية
تأملات وتبسيط علمي
الثقافةتأملات وتبسيط علميعلوم الحياة والأرض، والفلسفة، والجغرافيا السياسية، والعلوم السياسية، والفيزياء، وعلم الفلك.
صورة لكلبة سوداء وبيضاء تمارس الكانيكروس ورجل يجري خلفها
رياضةالكانيكروس: الجري مع الكلبالجري مع كلبتي.صورة توضيحية
قلم موضوع على رسالة مكتوبة بخط اليد
الكتابةرواية قيد الكتابةتبادل رسائل تأملي واستعادي بين رجل من عام 2026 وامرأة من عام 2250. تستكشف علاقتهما العاطفية الأفلاطونية، بأسلوب ميسّر، تأملات حول الوضع الإنساني والتفكير المنظومي وعلاقة البشرية ببيئتها.
لمحة عن تطبيق الرفاه الخاص بي OWNNIGHT
الإبداعأدوات للرفاه والاسترخاءابتكار أدوات تستند إلى مبادئ العلاج المعرفي السلوكي وإشراك الحواس لدعم الرفاه والاسترخاء.

الموارد

05.1 · برمجيات تعليمية

فهم المنهجيات من خلال الممارسة

بيئتان مستقلتان للقراءة والحساب والتدريب والتعلم من الأخطاء. الدروس والأسئلة متاحة حاليًا بالفرنسية.

Statosphère

الإحصاء الوصفي والاحتمالات والاستدلال والانحدار والرسوم السببية والتجارب والتدريب على R.

27 فصول1,544 أسئلة مع شرح الإجابات

بدء التطبيق في المتصفح ↗

Épisphère

مقاييس التواتر والارتباط وتصاميم الدراسات والتحيز والمعايرة والتحري والتجارب والبقاء والتقييم.

20 فصول2,100 أسئلة مع شرح الإجابات

بدء التطبيق في المتصفح ↗
  1. 01فهم المفهوم
  2. 02صياغة الحساب
  3. 03الإجابة والتفسير
  4. 04مراجعة الأخطاء

النسختان العامتان مستقلتان عن التطبيقات الشخصية. تشملان المفاهيم والدروس والصيغ والبطاقات والأسئلة، وتستخدم تمارين الحساب بيانات افتراضية جديدة. يُحفظ التقدم محليًا في هذا المتصفح.

المراجع

مكتبة المعرفة

جميع المراجع المذكورة في الموقع، بتنسيق APA ومرتبة أبجديًا.

1,003 مرجعًا · APA

مكتبة المعرفة

1003 مرجعًا

A

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05.2 · الموارد

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بالإنجليزية

قراءات692

الصحة العامة: الأسس والتاريخ والممارسة24

بالفرنسية

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علم الأوبئة والسببية18

بالإنجليزية

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الإحصاء الحيوي والأساليب الكمية والاستدلال السببي12

بالفرنسية

  1. Arel-Bundock, V. (2021). Analyse causale et méthodes quantitatives : une introduction avec R, Stata et SPSS. Presses de l'Université de Montréal. doi:10.1515/9782760643222

بالإنجليزية

  1. Alexander, R. (2023). Telling stories with data: With applications in R. CRC Press. doi:10.1201/9781003229407
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الأساليب النوعية والمختلطة وتوليف المعارف39

بالفرنسية

  1. Corbière, M. et Larivière, N. (dir.). (2020). Méthodes qualitatives, quantitatives et mixtes dans la recherche en sciences humaines, sociales et de la santé (2e éd.). Presses de l'Université du Québec. doi:10.2307/j.ctv1c29qz7
  2. Dumez, H. (2016). Méthodologie de la recherche qualitative : les 10 questions clés de la démarche compréhensive (2e éd.). Vuibert.
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التحليل المكاني وإمكانية الوصول الجغرافي20

بالفرنسية

  1. Barlet, M., Coldefy, M., Collin, C. et Lucas-Gabrielli, V. (2012). L'accessibilité potentielle localisée (APL) : une nouvelle mesure de l'accessibilité aux soins appliquée aux médecins généralistes libéraux en France (Document de travail no 51). Institut de recherche et documentation en économie de la santé.
  2. Bonal, M., Padilla, C., Chevillard, G. et Lucas-Gabrielli, V. (2025). Une approche multiprofessionnelle de l'accessibilité aux soins de premier recours : des configurations territoriales très diverses (Document de travail no 93). Institut de recherche et documentation en économie de la santé.
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  1. Alasia, A., Bédard, F., Bélanger, J., Guimond, E., & Penney, C. (2017). Measuring remoteness and accessibility: A set of indices for Canadian communities (Reports on Special Business Projects, Catalogue no. 18-001-X). Statistics Canada.
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تحليل الشبكات8

بالإنجليزية

  1. Aalikhani, R., Rasouli, M. R., Ghanbari, H., Fathian, M., & Aliahmadi, A. (2026). Exploring the role of fundamental factors on developing an effective network governance in healthcare systems: A structural equation modeling-based study. Journal of Health Organization and Management, 40(1), 71–91. doi:10.1108/jhom-08-2024-0355
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العمل المشترك بين القطاعات والصحة في جميع السياسات والحوكمة التعاونية37

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الشيخوخة والرعاية المنزلية والاستقلالية36

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  37. Reid, R. J., Wodchis, W. P., Kuluski, K., Lee-Foon, N. K., Lavis, J. N., Rosella, L. C., & Desveaux, L. (2024). Actioning the learning health system: An applied framework for integrating research into health systems. SSM - Health Systems, 2, 100010. doi:10.1016/j.ssmhs.2024.100010
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  39. Saltelli, A., & Giampietro, M. (2017). What is wrong with evidence based policy, and how can it be improved? Futures, 91, 62–71. doi:10.1016/j.futures.2016.11.012
  40. Satterfield, J. M., Spring, B., Brownson, R. C., Mullen, E. J., Newhouse, R. P., Walker, B. B., & Whitlock, E. P. (2009). Toward a transdisciplinary model of evidence-based practice. The Milbank Quarterly, 87(2), 368–390. doi:10.1111/j.1468-0009.2009.00561.x
  41. Shakhnovich, V. (2018). It's time to reverse our thinking: The reverse translation research paradigm. Clinical and Translational Science, 11(2), 98–99. doi:10.1111/cts.12538
  42. Skivington, K., Matthews, L., Simpson, S. A., Craig, P., Baird, J., Blazeby, J. M., Boyd, K. A., Craig, N., French, D. P., McIntosh, E., Petticrew, M., Rycroft-Malone, J., White, M., & Moore, L. (2021). A new framework for developing and evaluating complex interventions: Update of Medical Research Council guidance. BMJ, 374, n2061. doi:10.1136/bmj.n2061
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مشاركة المواطنين والبحث التشاركي29

بالفرنسية

  1. Akrich, M. et Rabeharisoa, V. (2012). L'expertise profane dans les associations de patients, un outil de démocratie sanitaire. Santé Publique, 24(1), 69–74. doi:10.3917/spub.121.0069

بالإنجليزية

  1. Abelson, J., Forest, P.-G., Eyles, J., Smith, P., Martin, E., & Gauvin, F.-P. (2003). Deliberations about deliberative methods: Issues in the design and evaluation of public participation processes. Social Science & Medicine, 57(2), 239–251. doi:10.1016/s0277-9536(02)00343-x
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  27. Vijayasingham, L., Chopra, M., Mukantwari, E., Prawira, B., Shannan, E., Wako, J., O'Brien, M. D., & Barone, M. (2025). People with lived experience of chronic conditions are key epistemic authorities in global health. PLOS Global Public Health, 5(10), e0005317. doi:10.1371/journal.pgph.0005317
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الفلسفة ونظرية المعرفة والسياسة الحيوية23

بالفرنسية

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بالإنجليزية

  1. Berger, P. L., & Luckmann, T. (1966). The social construction of reality: A treatise in the sociology of knowledge. Doubleday.
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05.3 · الموارد

تقارير وسياسات وأدلة وأدوات

أدلة وأدوات4

بالفرنسية

تقارير وسياسات وأطر مرجعية40

بالفرنسية

  1. Agence nationale d’appui à la performance. (2023, 7 septembre). Franchissez le cap de l’habitat intermédiaire ! https://anap.fr/s/article/franchissez-le-cap-de-l-habitat-intermediaire
  2. Agence nationale d’appui à la performance. (2024, 19 novembre). Le Centre de Ressources Territorial : une ambition nouvelle. https://anap.fr/s/article/centre-ressources-territorial-crt-ambition-nouvelle
  3. Agence nationale d’appui à la performance. (2024, 2 avril). Réforme des SAD : tous les outils Anap. https://www.anap.fr/s/article/reforme-services-autonomie-a-domicile
  4. Agence nationale d’appui à la performance. (s.d.). Domicile du futur [Programme thématique].
  5. Commissaire à la santé et au bien-être. (2023). Bien vieillir chez soi. Tome 1 : comprendre l'écosystème. Gouvernement du Québec.
  6. Commissaire à la santé et au bien-être. (2023). Bien vieillir chez soi. Tome 2 : chiffrer la performance. Gouvernement du Québec.
  7. Commissaire à la santé et au bien-être. (2023). Bien vieillir chez soi. Tome 3 : poser un diagnostic pour agir. Gouvernement du Québec.
  8. Commissaire à la santé et au bien-être. (2024). Bien vieillir chez soi. Tome 4 : une transformation qui s'impose. Gouvernement du Québec.
  9. Commissaire à la santé et au bien-être. (2025). La contribution de l'approche de santé populationnelle au développement d'un système de santé et de services sociaux axé sur la valeur. Gouvernement du Québec.
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  11. Emmanuelli, J., Frossard, J.-B. et Vincent, B. (2024). Lieux de vie et accompagnement des personnes âgées en perte d’autonomie : les défis de la politique domiciliaire. Se sentir chez soi où que l’on soit (Rapport no 2023-014R). Inspection générale des affaires sociales. https://www.igas.gouv.fr/IMG/pdf/2023-014r_-_rapport-2.pdf
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  13. Institut national de santé publique du Québec. (2023). Légionellose : méthode de détection d'agrégats spatiotemporels. Synthèse méthodologique.
  14. Ministère de la Santé et des Services sociaux. (2013). L’autonomie pour tous : livre blanc sur la création d’une assurance autonomie. Gouvernement du Québec.
  15. Ministère de la Santé et des Services sociaux. (2017). Le soutien à l'action intersectorielle favorable à la santé : stratégie ministérielle. Gouvernement du Québec.
  16. Ministère de la Santé et des Services sociaux. (2023). Améliorer l'accès, la qualité et la continuité des services de proximité : cadre de référence. Gouvernement du Québec.
  17. Ministère de la Santé et des Services sociaux. (2024). La fierté de vieillir : plan d'action gouvernemental 2024-2029. Gouvernement du Québec.
  18. Ministère de la Santé et des Services sociaux. (2026). Innover pour mieux répondre aux besoins des personnes et des communautés : politique gouvernementale sur les soins et services de première ligne. Gouvernement du Québec.
  19. Ministère de la Santé et des Services sociaux. (2026). Mieux chez soi : politique nationale de soutien à domicile. Gouvernement du Québec.
  20. Organisation mondiale de la Santé. (1986). Charte d'Ottawa pour la promotion de la santé.
  21. Raymond, M., Roussille, B. et Strohl, H. (2009). Enquête sur les conditions de la qualité des services d’aide à domicile pour les personnes âgées (Rapport no RM2009-035P). Inspection générale des affaires sociales. https://igas.gouv.fr/sites/igas/files/files-spip/pdf/rm2009-035p_enquete_sur_les_conditions_de_la_qualite_des_services_d_aide_a_domicile_pour_les_personnes_agees.pdf
  22. Réseau québécois de recherche sur le vieillissement. (2025). Livre blanc : vieillir au Québec. Perspectives de la recherche. https://rqrv.com/wp-content/uploads/2025/10/2025-RQRV-LivreBlanc_compressed.pdf
  23. Réseau québécois de recherche sur le vieillissement. (s.d.). Répertoire des innovations. https://rqrv.com/livre-blanc-et-innovations/repertoire-des-innovations/

بالإنجليزية

  1. Commission on Social Determinants of Health. (2008). Closing the gap in a generation: Health equity through action on the social determinants of health. World Health Organization.
  2. Institute of Medicine. (2013). Best care at lower cost: The path to continuously learning health care in America. National Academies Press. doi:10.17226/13444
  3. National Academies of Sciences, Engineering, and Medicine. (2019). Integrating social care into the delivery of health care: Moving upstream to improve the nation's health. National Academies Press. doi:10.17226/25467
  4. National Academies of Sciences, Engineering, and Medicine. (2020). Social isolation and loneliness in older adults: Opportunities for the health care system. National Academies Press. doi:10.17226/25663
  5. OECD. (2021). Health at a glance 2021: OECD indicators. OECD Publishing. doi:10.1787/ae3016b9-en
  6. OECD. (2023). Health at a glance 2023: OECD indicators. OECD Publishing. doi:10.1787/7a7afb35-en
  7. World Health Organization, & United Nations Children's Fund. (2018). Declaration of Astana: Global Conference on Primary Health Care.
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  10. World Health Organization. (2014). Health in All Policies: Helsinki statement. Framework for country action.
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  12. World Health Organization. (2016). Framework on integrated, people-centred health services (Document A69/39). World Health Organization.
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05.4 · الموارد

مقالات صحفية ومقالات مجلات

الصحافة والمجلات7

بالفرنسية

05.5 · الموارد

مقاطع فيديو بالفرنسية والإنجليزية

مقاطع فيديو7

بالفرنسية

Ancrage historique et évolution du courtage de connaissancesفريق RENARD، عرض قدّمه Christian Dagenais وSaliha Ziam في الندوة 31 من المؤتمر التسعين لـ Acfas، 2023 (بالفرنسية)

عرض قصير يتتبّع أصول الوساطة المعرفية وكيف تطوّرت هذه الوظيفة، مدخلًا إلى دور الوسيط المعرفي.

فتح المصدر
Les compétences clés pour agir en courtage de connaissancesفريق RENARD، عرض قدّمته Esther McSween-Cadieux في الندوة 31 من المؤتمر التسعين لـ Acfas، 2023 (بالفرنسية)

يستعرض الكفاءات التي يحتاج إليها الشخص لممارسة الوساطة المعرفية، وهو مكمّل عملي للنصوص المتعلقة بدور الوسيط المعرفي.

فتح المصدر
Expériences du midi: Recherche en partenariat avec une citoyenne-chercheuseUnité de soutien SSA Québec (وحدة دعم نظام الصحة المتعلِّم في كيبيك)، ندوة عبر الإنترنت مع Julie Coulombe وMarie-Hélène Morin، 2025 (بالفرنسية)

حالة ملموسة لبحث أُجري مع مواطنة باحثة حول دعم الأقران للأسر في مجال الصحة النفسية، تُبيّن ما يغيّره العلم التشاركي في إدارة المشروع.

فتح المصدر
CCNMO - Prise de décisions fondée sur des données probantesCentre de collaboration nationale des méthodes et outils (CCNMO، المركز الوطني للتعاون في المناهج والأدوات)، 2016 (بالفرنسية)

يعرض في ثماني دقائق نموذج CCNMO، الذي يبيّن كيف تتضافر بيّنات البحث، والسياق المحلي، وتفضيلات السكان، والموارد في قرار يخص الصحة العامة.

فتح المصدر
Quand l’expertise académique rencontre le vécu du terrain (Le Réverbère, mini-série sur la science citoyenne, épisode 2)Le Réverbère، Institut du Nouveau Monde (معهد العالم الجديد) بالتعاون مع Fonds de recherche du Québec (صندوق البحث في كيبيك)، 2026 (بالفرنسية)

ثنائيات من مواطنين وباحثين يروون كيف يتقاسمون الأدوار في مشروع بحثي انطلق من سؤال طرحه مواطنون، دون أن يفقد أيٌّ منهم خبرته الخاصة.

فتح المصدر
Ép. 23 - Patient Partenaire: des alliés pour la rechercheDes femmes comme vous، Les Radieuses Magazine، مع Catherine Wilhelmy، 2024 (بالفرنسية)

مريضة أصبحت مسؤولة عن الشراكة في مركز بحثي تشرح للجمهور العريض ماهية حركة «المريض الشريك»، ولماذا ينبغي أن تغذّي تجربةُ المرضى المعيشة البحثَ والرعاية.

فتح المصدر

بالإنجليزية

TIDIRC: Introduction to Dissemination & Implementation ScienceNational Cancer Institute (المعهد الوطني للسرطان، TIDIRC OpenAccess)، محاضرة David Chambers، 2022 (بالإنجليزية)

محاضرة تمهيدية تميّز بين البحث في النشر، ونشر البحث، والبحث في التنفيذ، والبحث البراغماتي، وتعرض المفاهيم الأساسية لهذا المجال.

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05.6 · الموارد

بودكاست بالفرنسية والإنجليزية

بودكاست3

بالفرنسية

Le pont entre la recherche et le terrainLes humains derrière la recherche en soins palliatifs، مع Chantal Verdon (UQO)، 2025 (بالفرنسية)

باحثة في علوم التمريض تشرح كيف بنت جسرًا بين البحث والممارسة، لا سيما عبر مجتمعات ممارسة مع الممرضات والممرضين.

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بالإنجليزية

Season 2, Ep 1: David ChambersThat Implementation Science Podcast، تقديم Mike Pullmann وKevin King، 2024 (بالإنجليزية)

يعود نائب مدير علم التنفيذ في National Cancer Institute (المعهد الوطني للسرطان في الولايات المتحدة) إلى تاريخ هذا المجال، والطابع الجماعي للعلم، وما يجعل فريق البحث فعّالًا.

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SCCM Pod-520: Implementation Science: From Evidence to PracticeSCCM Podcast (Society of Critical Care Medicine، جمعية طب الرعاية الحرجة)، تقديم Marilyn N. Bulloch مع Anne E. Sales، 2024 (بالإنجليزية)

مدخل ميسَّر تعرض فيه باحثة علمَ التنفيذ بوصفه دراسةً للتغيير المخطَّط في السلوكيات ضمن قيود المنظمات، مع أمثلة سريرية داعمة.

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تجربة تفاعليةمغامرة ثلاثية الأبعاد · 12 فصلاً
مرحباً بك في أكاديمية موضوعات البحث المستحيلة

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✦ عالم ثلاثي الأبعاد◈ ثلاثة مسارات▣ تحديات علمية⚔ المناقشة النهائية
العب بملء الشاشة دون تسجيل · حفظ محلي · اللعبة بالفرنسية والإنجليزية
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